ڈاکٹر حفیظ سید مرحوم
افسوس ہے کہ ہماری علمی بزم کی ایک پرانی یادگار ڈاکٹر حفیظ سید مرحوم نے گزشتہ مہینہ انتقال کیا ان کی پوری زندگی تعلیمی اور علمی مشاغل میں گزری اور آخر میں الٰہ آباد یونیورسٹی کی اردو کی پروفیسری سے ریٹائرڈ ہوئے تھے، وہ مشہور صاحب قلم تھے اردو، انگریزی دونوں زبانوں میں سیکڑوں مضامین، ان کی یادگار ہیں مستقل کتابوں میں مشہور دکنی شاعر قاضی محمود بحری کا کلیات تصحیح و ترتیب کے جملہ لوازم کے ساتھ مرتب کرکے شائع کیا تھا، ان کو تصوف اور روحانیات سے خاص دلچسپی تھی، اس ذوق میں انھوں نے مختلف مذاہب کے روحانی مرکزوں اور ان کی روحانی شخصیتوں سے بھی استفادہ کیا تھا مگر آخر میں اپنے اصلی مرکز کی طرف لوٹ آئے تھے اور اسی پر ان کا خاتمہ ہوا، مرحوم علامہ شبلی کے صحبت یافتہ اور ارکان دارالمصنفین کے پرانے رفقاء میں تھے، اس لیے دارالمصنفین سے ان کو دیرینہ مخلصانہ تعلق تھا، اس کی مجلس عاملہ اور مجلس انتظامیہ کے رکن بھی تھے، ادھر کئی سال سے فالج میں مبتلا تھے، گذشتہ مہینہ آنکھ کھلوانے کے لیے سیتاپور گئے تھے، وہیں دفعتہ انتقال کیا اور الٰہ آباد میں تجہیزوتکفین ہوئی۔ اللھم اغفرْلہٗ وَ ارْحمَہٗ۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، جنوری ۱۹۶۲ء)
Almighty Allah does not leave a person free that he does what he wants like animals, but Almighty Allah made some rules for human which must be followed and obeyed by the man. In the same way some rules are declared for eating and give permission for eating halal and forbid haram. Islam upholds the rights of animals to kind treatment and justice the same as it does for human being. Animals should not be abused or taken for granted. Allah has informed us that the animals are communities like human beings and have similar rights. This paper unfolds the truth that how the animals were deprived of their basic rights in the pre Islamic era and how Islam has laid down a complete code of their welfare. It puts forth the various important aspects of animal welfare in contrast with the modern industrial regulations regarding their lives, treatment, feeding, etc. Furthermore, this paper has been strengthened by the number of revelations from Quran and Sunnah and by the regulations from halal and non-halal industrial guidelines. In this article, the paper emphasis on describing the disparities of three divine religions regarding the use of organs, skin of animals, bones and highlight their procedures of making them safe and useable for mankind. This study will lead us to know that which divine religion is more applicable and provides cleanse food to their followers along with having the status of eternity strength among three.
The phytotoxic effects of Ni-stress on seed germination, growth, physiological and anatomical attributes were appraised in this study. The available sunflower germplasm was exposed to varying levels of Ni (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mg L -1 ). The lowest level of nickel (10 mg L -1 ) showed some improvement in seed germination and reduced the time to achieve 50% germination; it was found to be associated with improvement in Mg contents, activity of hydrolytic enzymes and concentration of reducing and non- reducing sugars, and free amino acid over time. However, higher levels of nickel had a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination that was directly correlated with reduction in K and activity of hydrolytic enzymes leading to alterations in concentration of crucial bio-molecules involved in control of seed germination. Based on the data generated a Ni-tolerant (Hysun-33) and a -sensitive (SF-187) hybrids were selected for further studies. In vegetative stage experiments, seeds of two selected sunflower hybrids were exposed to different levels of Ni (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg L -1 ). Although low levels of Ni had a non- significant effects, high Ni-levels significantly reduced vegetative growth and yield has result of reduction in photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (g s ), water use efficiency (WUE) and Ci/Ca ratio. However, transpiration rate (E) increased with increase in external nickel. Leaf water and turgor potentials, and relative water contents (RWC) decreased while leaf turgor potential and membrane permeability (electrolyte leakage) increased in both sunflower hybrids. The concentration of soluble proteins increased at lower level of Ni application (10 and 20 mg L -1 ) but decreased with further increase in concentration of external Ni in all harvest intervals. However, the reverse was true for the concentration of free amino acids and soluble sugars. Proline concentration increased consistently with increasing concentration of external Ni. The concentration of nutrients such as Ca, N, P, K, Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn and Fe generally decreased in root, stem, leaves as well as achenes except for achene P and Mg which were not much affected under Ni-stress. The changes in all growth, biochemical, and physiological parameters appeared to be highly correlated with build-up of high Ni levels in root, stem and leaves of both sunflower hybrids over time. The anatomical features of root, stem and leaves were also significantly altered under Ni stress. Root exodermal thickness increased at the lowest level of Ni application (10 mg L - 1 ) but decreased consistently with further increase in Ni concentration. In contrast, root exodermal cell area, increased consistently with increase in external Ni concentration. Shoot and leaf exodermal and second layer thickness and area also increased consistently with increase in external Ni levels. Although, root, stem and leaf cortical, vascular region, metaxylem and phloem thickness and area were not affected at the lowest level (10 mg L - 1 ) of Ni, it decreased consistently with increase in external Ni as well as plant maturity. The reverse was true for leaf adaxial and abaxial stomatal density. In comparison, their thickness decreased during early stages but increased with increasing plant maturity. Leaf abaxial epidermal thickness and area, and leaf lamina thickness increased but spongy mesophyll thickness and area decreased with increase in external Ni as well as time. On the basis of data presented in this study, Hysun-33 was found to be more tolerant as compared to that of SF-187.