توہین مذہب و رسالت اور سماجی رویے: اسلامی تناظر میں

Extremism is a challenge facing the societies both on secular and religious level, which has damaged the society with disrupting peace and creating caos in the world. There is a dire need of an academic discussion regarding the various aspects of the issue in Islamic and social perspectives. This is an attempt to realize the sensitivity of the subject and providing a balanced approached in the light of Islamic teachings. This article draws attention of the concerned authorities to play their role for the stoppage of blasphemous activities by implementation of the existing law and its development by determining the punishment against false accusation. The article also explains that what Islam expects from the Muslims and guides them in expressing their feelings and showing their attitudes, behavior and fixing their responsibilities regarding the issue with true Islamic spirit. The article draws the attention of the non-Muslim countries and communities as well to display impartiality, truth and realistic attitude and appropriate legislation by considering the blasphemous activities as a heinous crime.

Isolation of Salmonella from Commercial Eggs, Non-Commercial Eggs and Egg Storing Traysto Determine its Prevalencesin District Mianwali

Bacterial genus Salmonella causes food borne illness called Salmonellosis. It is characterized by the typhoid fever and gastroenteritis. Sources of Salmonella are poultry, egg, egg based food items, meat etc. It is the major zoonotic pathogen distributed worldwide and is the major cause of food borne disease in developing countries like Pakistan. Due to their low price, good taste and nutritious importance people prefer poultry products especially eggs. Salmonella cause a lot of problems to public health that result in economic consequences in worldwide. To investigate the prevalence of Salmonella 240 samples were collected across District Mianwali. Out of 240, eighty samples were of commercial eggs, eighty were of non-commercial eggs and eighty were of egg storing tray samples collected from local markets and house farms of District Mianwali. Selective media used for Salmonella was Hektoen enteric agar. Incidence of Salmonella in egg shells was 32.5% and 27.5%, in egg content was 15% and 12.5% and in egg storing trays was 40% and 32.5% in samples of commercial eggs, non-commercial egg samples and samples of trays used for egg storage that were collected from local markets and house farms respectively. Salmonella prevalence was highest in tray samples and lowest in samples of egg content in both sampling sites. Salmonella prevalence in albumin and yolk was 15%, 12.5% and 10%, 5% in egg content of commercial eggs and non-commercial eggs respectively. Overall Salmonella contamination in local market samples and house farm samples was 29.17% and 24.17% respectively. The Salmonella prevalence in samples of house farms was lower than the local markets samples collected across Mianwali District.