The Women Activism in Pakistan: An Analysis of ‘Aurat March

In Pakistan, although women’s activism was initiated since the country came into existence, but a diverse activism was observed by the nation in the form of ‘Aurat March during 2018-2020. The current study examines the Western feminism, what it was initiated for and its accomplishments in the current time. By employing a discourse analysis approach to the ‘Aurat March event, this study highlights the women’s activism in Pakistan, ‘Aurat March and the antipathy faced by organizers and supporters from the public because of its strange slogans and ridiculous placards. It also observes the relationship between western feminism and ‘Aurat March activism from the perspective of the social, cultural, and religious transformation of society. The study finds the need to raise a constructive and logical voice for women’s rights with support of the public to eradicate social evils instead of focusing on insignificant matters. It has further recommended that there is a need to build a framework in which one may be able to differentiate women’s rights in the context of western feminism and the limitation of women’s emancipation in Islamic context.

A dynamic open economy model of aid-growth nexus in Pakistan

We present a model of promises of foreign aid, stemming from Pakistan's bilateral and multilateral aid relationship during the 1980s and 1990s. According to the model , if there is promise of aid it is optimal to adjust expenditure and external debt instantaneously. If the promise is true, there is permanent increase in consumption and increase in external debt; however, the initial increase in external debt decrease with the flow of aid. If the promise is false, the outcome is sub optimal. The intermediate cases, such as when the promise is only partially true, are also analysed. The model is suggestive in explaining the nearly unsustainable levels of budget deficit and external debt of Pakistan over 1980-99