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Principles of Biomass Pyrolysis With Emphasis on the Formation of the Nitrogen-Containing Gases Hnco, Hcn and Nh3

Thesis Info

Author

Hansson, Karl-Martin

Department

Department of Energy Conversion, Chalmers University of Technology

Institute

University of Engineering and Technology

Institute Type

Public

City

Goteborg

Country

Sweden

Thesis Completing Year

2003

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

various agings P.B;ill.

Subject

Chemical engineering

Language

English

Other

Thesis (Ph.D.)-Chalmers University of Technology, 2003; Call No: 665.824 H 19 P

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676712389364

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2۔تحفظ جان

۔تحفظ جان
قوانین حدود و و قصاص پر عمل درآمدکے مقاصد میں جان کا تحفظ ایک بنیادی مقصد ہے۔ جس کا مطلب یہ ہے کہ ایک مسلم معاشرے کے ہر فرد کی جان کی حفاظت اور شر پسند عناصر کے خاتمے کے لیے شریعت اسلامیہ میں قصاص ودیت کی صورت میں سزائیں تجویزکی گئی ہیں ۔ اسلام نے بنیادی انسانی حقوق میں سے جان کے تحفظ کو خصوصی اہمیت دی ہے ۔ چنانچہ اس مقصد کا حصول یقینی بنانے کے لیے جہاں ذہنی تربیت کا اہتمام کیا ہے ،وہاں ان سرکش عناصر کا قلع قمع کرنے کے لیے عملی طور پر قصاص و دیت کے قوانین بھی دیئے ہیں جو ایک انسانی جان کو اہمیت نہیں دیتے۔ اگر ایسے لوگوں کا سد باب کرنے کے لیے کوئی عملی اقدام نہ اٹھایا جائے تو یہ انسانوں کو گاجر مولی کی طرح کاٹ کر رکھ دیں اور نفس انسانی کا تقدس و حرمت پامال ہو کر رہ جائے۔اسلام کی نظر میں ایک انسان کا قتل تما م انسانیت کا قتل ہے ، جیسا کہ قرآن مجیدمیں آیا ہے کہ
﴿مَنْ قَتَلَ نفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا﴾226
"جس نے کسی دوسرے کو علاوہ جان کے بدلہ یا زمین میں فساد پھیلانے کی غرض سے قتل کیا تو اس نےگویا پوری انسانیت کا قتل کیا۔ "
یہاں ایک شخص کے قتل کو اللہ نے پوری انسانیت کا قتل قرار دیا ہے۔ یہ اس لیے ہے کہ جب ایک شخص کی زندگی محفوظ نہیں ہے تو پھر دنیا میں کسی بھی شخص کی زندگی کو محفوظ باور نہیں کیا جا سکتا۔ اس متاع
حیا ت کو بچانے اور اس کی حفاظت کے لیے دین اسلام میں خودکشی کو حرام قرار دیا ہے، جیساکہ حضرت انس سے مروی ہے
" لاَ يَتَمَنَّيَنَّ أَحَدُكُمُ الْمَوْتَ لِضُرٍّ نَزَلَ...

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Integritas Laporan Keuangan (Studi Pada Perusahaan BUMN yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2020- 2022)

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of managerial ownership, audit committee, audit quality and company size on the integrity of financial reports. The objects in the research are state-owned companies registered on the IDX for the 2020-2022 period, totaling 20 companies. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression. The research results explain that simultaneously managerial ownership, audit committee, audit quality and company size have a significant influence on the integrity of financial reports. While managerial ownership and company size have a negative and significant influence, the audit committee has a positive and significant influence, audit quality has a positive and insignificant influence.

Reflection of Pakistani Socio-Political Events in Western Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis.

The ideologies are expressed through discourse practices, from classrooms to corporate media, is hardly contested. Since the fateful events of September 11, 2001, Pakistan has been in the grip of a perpetual 9/11 scenario. As a result, it remains in the international media focus for all the negative reasons. Media discourse, as one of the most influential discourses, is opaque with ideologies, politics and overt and covert agendas worldwide. The present research aims to analyse this impactful medium of discourse and the embedded discursive practices of the Western media with special focus on one the most representative, widely followed and trusted media establishments, that is, the BBC, CNN and the Maxnews. The data is derived from the web pages in order to analyse the discursive and linguistic strategies employed in the news stories about Pakistan. Grounded in the theoretical frameworks developed by Van Dijk, that is, Ideological Square (1998c) in critical discourse analysis and the Socio-cognitive Model (2006c), the study analyses the selected media discourse qualitatively. The research calibrates the Western Media coverage of socio-political events, especially those surrounding the Global War on Terror (GWOT) in Pakistan during 2009 and 2010. The rationale for the selection of data from 2009 to 2010 is that it was during these years that Pakistan suffered a maximum number of terrorist attacks and civilian casualties. Pakistan suffered not only physically but also socially and ideologically as its image as the most dangerous region in the world was constantly portrayed and framed by the news media. The strategies and discursive structures used to depict Pakistan amount to a whole ideology that calls for careful and critical analysis.