مستدلات شرعیہ کی روشنی میں بیعت کا ناقدانہ جائزہ

Literally Bai't means solemn assurance to do something and absolute submission to one's commands. All the believers have declared to follow the commands of Allah Al-Mighty  and act upon the guideline of His Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H). In the early days of Islam, every person intending to embrace Islam use to take an oath of obedience and loyalty to the orders given by the Prophet (P.B.U.H). The person gave his hand in the hands of the Prophet (P.B.U.H). Afterwards, this sort of oath was introduced in many kinds; one of them is "Bai't Islah or Bai't Al Tuba".  The Bai't is in accordance with the spirit  of Islamic teachings. The scholars of Islam in majority have accepted its authenticity as discussed in the article under reference.

A Study of Investigate the Factors Affecting the Quality of Teacher Education at Secondary Level in Pakistan

The main objective of the study was to determine the quality and draw out the factors affecting the quality of Teacher Education Program at B.Ed. level in Pakistan. The University of Education Lahore, its campuses and affiliated colleges called Government Colleges for Elementary Teachers (GCETs) were included in this study. All the principals, 160 faculty members and 400 prospective teachers were taken as a sample of this study. A framework was developed after reviewing a comprehensive study on “Quality Indicators for Teacher Education” conducted by the National Accreditation and Assessment Council (NAAC) India in 2007 in collaboration with the Common Wealth of Learning (COL). In the light of the framework, a research model was developed for the generalization of this study. Three five point rating scales were developed in order to find out the worth and to draw out the factors affecting the quality of this program. The collected data were analyzed by applying inferential as well as descriptive statistics. The hindering factors of quality assurance in teacher Education program were also drawn out from different indicators and sub indicators on the basis of their respective mean combine values. The results of the study showed the poor quality of the Teacher Training program (B.Ed.) in the sampled institutions. Poor infrastructure, Lack of awareness about quality, inappropriate admission procedures and criteria, worn out course contents, deficiency of laboratory schools, much theoretical course contents, Lack of guidance and counseling units, dearth of research activities and environment were found as factors affecting the quality of Teacher Education Program. Developing the infrastructure, revamping curriculum, enhancing the quality awareness and quality management mechanisms, arranging continuous trainings regarding quality management, Use of reflective, micro and cooperative teaching by the Teachers, establishing guidance and counseling units in all the TTIs, focusing on the creation of research based and research oriented environment in all the Teacher Training Institutions and the insertion of a new discipline regarding Quality Management in the B.Ed. program were recommended in this study.