جناب میر علی محمد شادؔ مرحوم عظیم آبادی
ابھی نثر اردو کے ماتم سے ہم فارغ نہیں ہوئے تھے کہ نظم اردو کے پرانے استاد عظیم آباد کے مشہور باکمال شاعر میر علی محمد شاد کی موت کی خبر آئی، ۸؍ جنوری ۱۹۲۷ء کو غالباً ۸۲ برس کی عمر میں اپنے وطن عظیم آباد پٹنہ میں وفات پائی، ساٹھ برس سے زیادہ کی مشق سخن تھی، لاکھوں شعر ان کے نتائج فکر ہیں، میرؔ اور انیسؔ کے مقلد اور متبع تھے، اس دور میں وہ یورپ میں زبان اردو کے تنہا استاد رہ گئے تھے، ہموطنی کے باوجود کبھی ان کی ملاقات کا شرف حاصل نہ ہوسکا، البتہ تحریری نیاز ایک مدت سے جاری تھا، کچھ دنوں سے ہوش و حواس بھی بجانہ تھے، تاہم شعر برابر وردِ زبان تھا:
آخر ہے عمر ، ضیق میں ، دل بھی ہے جان بھی
مردانہ باش! ختم ہے یہ امتحان بھی!!
مرحوم کی تصنیفات میں دیوان اور کلام منظوم کے علاوہ نوائے وطن وغیرہ نثر کی کتابیں بھی ہیں، مرحوم کا ایک طویل والا نامہ بھی میرے پاس رکھا ہے، جس میں اپنی تصنیفات کی پوری کیفیت لکھی ہے، افسوس کہ ان کا پورا کلام کوششوں کے باوجود بھی یک جاہوکر طبع نہ ہوسکا، جو کام کہ ان کی غایت احتیاط کی بناء پر ان کی زندگی میں نہ ہوسکا، شاید اب ان کے مرنے کے بعد انجام کو پہنچ جائے، اپنے طرز کے وہ تنہا مالک تھے اور زمانہ کا رنگ دیکھ کر توقع نہیں کہ اس طرز کا سخن ور پھر پیدا ہوسکے۔
(سید سليمان ندوی، جنوری ۱۹۲۷ء)
Marketing strategy is an effort to market a product, both in the form of goods and services, using certain plans and tactics to increase sales volume. One of the business development strategies is the implementation of a marketing mix strategy. Marketing is one of the most important factors in the continuity of a business, so it is very important for business people to pay attention to the marketing mix in their business. The purpose of this study was to determine how D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru applies sales promotion. The data analysis technique used is market mix analysis. The marketing mix variables studied were product, price, place and promotion. The results of this study indicate that consumer decisions in purchasing D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru are strategic location selection and products that are acceptable to the public. The recommendation of this research is that D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru products should be more diverse and innovative in terms of packaging and online marketing and improve brand quality.
Production of vigorous seedlings and transplanting at proper age is a primary feature to get good paddy yield. Due to the shrinkage of world water resources rice cultivation is in shift from flooded to aerobic condition. This shift may alter the soil condition that can cause the problem of boron and zinc uptake, which leads toward reduction in final yield. Two field experiments were conducted during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (310-25’N,730-09’E), Pakistan. The first one studied the seeding densities, nitrogen fertilization rate and seedling age in the rice nursery that is used for transplanting. Such treatments were evaluated in term of seedling vigor, plant growth, yield and yield attributes. The study revealed that fertilized seedlings older than 10 days and grown with low seeding density at nursery-bed, significantly improved seedling vigor. Maximum paddy yield (3.7 t/ha) was observed with transplanting youngest seedlings (10-days older) but transplanting of 20-days older fertilized seedlings grown at low seeding densities resulted in almost similar yield (3.6 t/ha) with younger. Older seedlings leads to reduced yield and the lowest yield (2 t/ha) was observed after transplanting unfertilized 40- days older seedlings grown at high seeding density. The best benefit cost ratio (BCR) was observed with S1 (1.59) followed by S2 (1.40) while in nursery management, fertilized seedlings grown with low seeding density found the highest BCR (1.53) in year 2008. The second experiment investigated the nutrition effect of boron and zinc in different rice cultures. Boron and zinc are supplementary nutrients were used as basal fertilizers in the rice fields that had different water management. Results showed that the rice crop significantly reduced yield (42 %) and impair quality when it was subjected to grow in aerobic condition without nutrients application. However, nutrients application in crop grown with periodic flooding and drying improved yield (4.81 t/ha) and quality as compared with aerobic culture (2.89 t/ha) and performed as good as the normal flooded rice. Maximum paddy yield (5.02 t/ha) was recorded in flooded rice with the combined application of boron and zinc which was statistically similar with treatment of periodic flooding and drying. In addition to this the best BCR was achieved with field under periodic flooding and drying (1.89) followed by flooded rice (1.75) and the minimum BCR (1.39) was found in aerobic rice culture . Fertilizer application revealed that maximum BCR (2.05) was recorded with micronutrients application as compared to control during 2008. These findings sustenance the young seedling components of System of Rice Intensification and illustrate that making a minor additional investment in raising a healthy and vigorous seedling in nursery seed-bed, farmers can harvest a reasonable yield benefits. Results also demonstrated that introduction of aerobic rice cultivation for fine rice can increase the deficiency problem of micronutrients (B & Zn) in calcareous soils.