ماحول یا تو انسان کو ضائع کر دیتا ہے یا پھر عروج تک پہنچنے کا ذریعہ بنتاہے۔ رسول اللہ ﷺ نے صحابہ کرام رضوان اللہ اجمعین کو جو اسلامی ماحول فراہم کیا اور ان کی جو تربیت فرمائی یہ اسی کا ہی نتیجہ تھا کہ تھوڑے سے عرصے میں ریاست مدینہ نے پورے علاقے کا کنٹرول سنبھال لیا اور مثالی ریاست کہلائی ۔ رسول اللہ ﷺ نے سب سے زیادہ زور معاشرے کی اخلاقی اقدار کے تحفظ اور اس کی اصلاح پر لگایا ۔ اس کا نتیجہ یہ نکلا کہ معاشرے کے رہزن محافظ بنے۔ مردوں نے تودُور ، عورتوں نے بھی، جیساکہ غامدیہ کی ایک عورت نے اپنے آپ کو حد کے اجراء کے لیے رضاکارانہ طورپر پیش کیا ، حالانکہ اس کے مقدمہ میں کوئی گواہ نہیں تھا۔ آج بھی اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں وہ ماحول پیداکیا جا سکتا ہے اور ایسے ہی ماحول میں قوانین حدود قصاص کی تنفیذ ممکن ہے ورنہ تو ان قوانین کے غلط استعمال ہونے کے خدشات زیادہ ہیں۔
Allah guided His men through great Prophets and messengers who, through their active economic, religious and politico-economic lives, taught the people how to lead a life. As the people have to come across all these fields of life, therefore, performing rights and duties is essential for a peaceful society. The accomplishment of Sharia objectives depends on the performance of rights and duties. If there is some breach in these rights and duties, the Sharia objectives are lost. If we ponder over the decrees of Allah, it becomes clear that the accomplishment of the decrees itself is the permanence of rights and duties. In this research paper, the rights of the Creator on His men and the rights of men on their Creator, Similarly, the rights of men among themselves and their performance, and the rights of animals and how they can be performed have been described and these Sharia objectives rights are closely related to each other.
The study was designed to investigate the Areas for Professional Development of public sector Teachers at Primary school level in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the teachers’ performance in those Areas and National Professional Standards which are directly related to the class room practices and its main focus was to identify the areas where professional development of the teachers is needed. The main objectives of thestudy were; To critically evaluate the teaching Performance of public sector teachers at boys’ primary school level at Urban and Rural areas in district Peshawar; To evaluate the teachers teaching in light of National Professional Standards; To appraise the teachers’ teaching in light of the prescribed Areas of Instruction for 2006 curriculum; To compare the performance of the selected eight circles of District Peshawar; To identify the areas where professional development of the teachers is needed. For data collection an observational rubric with a four point coded rating scale was developed. Data was collected from 360 teachers of 120 schools of the total population 3465. The collected data was analyzed with the help of software SPSS version 16. The analysis of various levels indicated that maximum numbers of teachers were at level-4 (unsatisfactory) i.e more than 60% of the total teachers observed. The study recommended that Education department chalk out a wide-ranging plan for the training on all standards. Implementable training policy was recommended to frame all types of training programs. As a collaborative approach a four tier model, for continuing professional development, was recommended. Along with such other recommendations, a Teacher Performance Management Wing (TPMW) was also recommended to be established to appraise and supervise the instructional process.