وہ مجھ سے بے زار بڑا ہے
دل ہے کہ اُس سے خوش رہتا ہے
ساتھ نہیں ہے دُور کھڑا ہے
ننگے پائوں کانچ چُبھا ہے
میرا قصور تو بس اتنا ہے
میں نے تجھ سے پیار کیا ہے
دل کیا جانے بھولا بھالا
رشتوں میں جو زہر گُھلا ہے
اَفلاطون کہے شاعر پر
حُسن کی دیوی کا پہرا ہے
میں شاعر وہ حُسن کی دیوی
اَفلاطون بھی سچ کہتا ہے
پیار اگر یَک طَرفہ ہو تو
پَل پَل کا جینا مَرنا ہے
سنا ہے مدہوشی میں شب بھر
اُس نے میرا نام لیا ہے
وہ تجھ کو کیوں یاد کرے گا
صادقؔ وہ مصروف بڑا ہے
In Islamic perspective leadership is a great feature and most important quality for achievement of national goals. Therefore, all kinds of national and organizational success are based up on quality of good leadership. Every group, society, organization, state and even the world at large need good leadership who can lead their supporters and followers and organizations towards successful physical and spiritual growth and development . It is also a fact that leadership is God gifted thing but we can enhance ability for eldership. Leadership should not be confused with the role of only those who make headlines but in essence almost everyone have sometimes somewhere, somehow played a leading role. It is also a historical fact that the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was granted all kind of leadership and He established some important principles of Islamic leadership which are necessary to follow them for successful leadership. These principles are foundation of great achievements which are led by the Holy Prophet ﷺ. It is also observed that the Islamic Leadership principles practiced by the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and subsequently by his Caliphs and pious followers which if practiced will provide success principles equally useful both for Muslims and for non-Muslims minorities both in an Islamic state and society. In this paper the efforts are made to elaborate the guiding principles of Islamic leadership in the light of the teachings of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
Banned aromatic amines due to their acute toxicity in human and animals hold key importance. Certain azo dyes have the tendency to release these banned amine intermediates upon cleavage of azo bond(s), even when present in a dyed materials. The tendency of four selected azo dyes (acid red 1, direct red 28, direct blue 15 and direct red 7) to release harmful aromatic amines is analysed by the standard test methods for colorants, dyed leathers and textiles (cotton, linen, wool, nylon). The basic steps of these tests methods are similar comprising of reduction, extraction and detection by instrumental techniques. The standard method for colorants was modified for UV-visible spectroscopy in initial exploration so that a quick inference could be generated. Methods based on sophisticated techniques (e.g., GC-MS and HPLC-DAD) were used in advanced steps. Conventional reduction methods were modified using ultrasound (UAR) and microwave assisted reductions (MAR) as greener techniques. UAR experiments were additionally extended with variations of temperature and exposure time. Direct dyes were applied onto leather, wool, linen, and cotton whereas the acid dye was applied to leather, wool, and nylon (due to substantivity). All dyed samples were profiled for banned aromatic amines through GC-MS. Only DR-28 released a listed banned amine, biphenyl-4,4''-diamine in significant quantities and was selected for UAR and MAR trials. Results of UAR for 10 min caused reduction equivalent to standard methods in case of leather and wool. Comparable results were also obtained in case of MAR reduction. Pertinent results were also confirmed using HPLC-DAD. The most economical methods were MAR with an energy saving ranging between 92 and 95% and a time saving of 70 to 80% (42-48 min) as compared to the standard methods. UAR methods provided energy and time savings of 80-85% and 22-42% (13-25 min) respectively. Greener approaches were found best for matrices in following order; leather > wool > cotton. Additionally a useful scheme was suggested for the non-destructive and greener analysis of ten lab-synthesized azo dyes using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with little or no sample preparation. The key region (azo band) appeared between 1504 and 1555 cm-1.