اسلم ملک (۱۹۳۱ء پ) سیالکوٹ کے محلہ دھارو وال میں پیدا ہوئے ۔(۱۰۴۱) نثر نگاری ان کی پہچان ہے لیکن اظہار کے لیے انھوں نے شاعری کا لطیف پیرایہ بھی استعمال کیا ہے۔ اسلم ملک نے بچوں کے ادب کو زیادہ اہمیت دی ہے۔ اس لیے ان کی شاعری کا بڑا حصہ بچوں کی شاعری پر محیط ہے۔اسلم ملک نے حمد سے نعت ،غزل نظم اور ہائیکو جیسی اصناف میں طبع آزمائی کی ہے۔ اسلم ملک کا شعری مجموعہ ’’خواب اور خوشبو‘‘شائع ہو چکاہے۔ تصوف اور عشقِ حقیقی اسلم ملک کی شاعری کا ایک بڑا موضوع ہے۔ اسلم ملک کے نزدیک صرف خدائے رحیم و کریم ،تعظیم ،عظمت اور تمہیدو ستائش کا حقدار ہے۔ لالہ و گل میں اس کی خوشبو ہے۔ اور سورج چاند ستاروں کی روشنی بھی اسی سے ہے کیونکہ وہ نور اور نور کا منبع ہے:
لالہ و گل میں جو خوشبو ہے فقط تری ہے
چاند ستاروں کی چمک میں بھی ہے فیضان تیرا
گیت تیرے ہی سناتے ہیں پرندے سارے
بزمِ قیمتی کا ہر اک فرد ثنا خواں تیرا
â۱۰۴۲)
> اﷲ تعالیٰ ہی کل کائنات کا خالق و مالک ہے۔ یہ ساری خلقت اس کا کنبہ ہے۔ وہ ساری مخلوقات کا پروردگار ہے۔ عرش و فرش اس کے جلال سے بھرپور اور معمور ہے۔ وہ بنی نوع انسان کے ہر درد کا درماں اور ہر مشکل میں عقدہ کشا ہے۔ اسلم ملک اپنی ایک حمدیہ نظم میں انھی خیالات کا اظہار اس طرح سے کرتے ہیں:
تو خالق و مالک ارض و سما
1سبحان اﷲ ، سبحان...
This research presents an overview of the principle of accountability of the executive in an Islamic state. The existence and survival of any state is not sustainable without process of accountability as per the law of the land and the provision of the constitution. The elite class was exempted from any sort of accountability and treated above the law in pre-Islamic period whereas man in the street was dealt with strict compliance of rules and regulations. This paper has provided strong evidence from the perspective of historical research that the executive in the Islamic state has not been exempted from the process of transparent of accountability. Moreover, this article also builds up strong argument in light of Quran and Sunnah as well as line of action adopted by orthodox caliphs. It also highlights various incidents of accountability and legal precedence that occurred during Khilafat e Rashda and post era as well.
In the early years of Pakistan, Pakistan Muslim League, kept the opposition parties away from power through using government funds to defame the opposition. The general elections were avoided on the adult franchise basis till 1970. The basis of the parliamentary democracy was shattered by the party or parties in the government. The 1970 elections on the adult franchise basis, for the first time in the history of Pakistan, gave voice and public strength to the tinny elected opposition in the parliament, to participate actively in the constitution-making of Pakistan and general legislation in the interest of common man. This Ph.D. level research was conducted to ascertain whether the opposition played a vital role in the constitution-making of Pakistan while sitting on the opposition benches of the National Assembly of Pakistan and the Senate of Pakistan by addressing the constitutional, social, political, economic and religious issues concerning the people of Pakistan. The study was conducted in the main framework of the parliamentary democracy followed by the opposition in and outside the parliament. This dissertation has elaborated the role played by the opposition benches in the Interim Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan during 1972, Constitutional Accord of 1972, the 1973 original Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, basic and main amendments presented by the government benches and has critically analyzed the legislation over constitutional, social, political, economic and religious issues within the debates of the legislature. Despite hurdles, pressures, and constraints, the opposition in Pakistan during 1972-1977 showed insight and has constantly set precedents of sacrifice for national causes, especially in the political and constitutional issues. The study is very useful for all the parliamentarians and especially for the opposition benches in Pakistan and outside as well.