آہ ! مولانا عثمان احمد قاسمی چل بسے
۴؍ رمضان المبارک ۱۴۱۸ھ کو راقم الحروف کے ایک کرم فرما اور دارالمصنفین کے ہمدرد مولانا عثمان احمد قاسمی اﷲ کو پیارے ہوگئے، اس کی اطلاع موصوف کے حقیقی بھانجے ڈاکٹر محمد اسامہ کے ایک خط سے ہوئی جو انتقال کے دو ہفتے بعد ملا، یہ خبر سخت تکلیف دہ تھی اور جنازہ کی شرکت سے محرومی کا تو ہمیشہ ملال رہے گا۔
شاہ گنج اور جونپور کے وسط میں پختہ سڑک کے قریب ہی غوری النسل لوگوں کی مشہور بستی پسری ان کا آبائی وطن تھا۔ ان کے جدامجد حضرت سلطان شاہ، ٹانڈہ کے مشہور صاحبِ دل بزرگ حضرت چاند شاہ کے اجل خلفاء میں تھے جو نقشبندی سلسلے سے منسلک تھے اور فیض آباد ہی نہیں اعظم گڑھ، جونپور اور سلطانپور وغیرہ کے لوگوں کو بھی ان سے بڑا فیض پہنچا۔
پسری کا یہ خاندان علمی، دینی اور دنیاوی لحاظ سے فائق تھا۔ مولانا عثمان احمد قاسمی کے جدبزرگوار کے حسبِ ذیل تین صاحبزادے تھے، مولانا عبدلغفور صاحب، مولانا دین محمد صاحب، مولانا شاہ سعید احمد صاحب، موخرالذکر کے پانچوں بیٹے دینی تعلیم سے بہرہ ور ہوئے، ان میں بڑے مولانا جمیل احمد فخرِ خاندان تھے اور سب سے چھوٹے یہی مولانا عثمان احمد تھے، مولانا دین محمد صاحب بھی عالم، اچھے استاد اور نہایت باغ و بہار شخص تھے، یہ مولانا ابوالعرفان ندوی سابق مہتمم دارالعلوم ندوۃالعلماء کے پدر بزرگوار تھے، علم و دین کی اشاعت ان کی زندگی کا خاص مشغلہ تھا، جونپور کی اٹالہ مسجد کا مدرسہ ان کے اہتمام کے زمانے میں بڑی رونق پر تھا۔
مولانا دین محمد صاحب کی جدوجہد سے شاہ گنج کی جامع مسجد میں بھی ایک دینی مدرسہ بدرالاسلام کے نام سے قائم ہوا، جس کے وہی سارے انتظامات اور تعلیمی خدمات انجام دیتے رہے مگر جب...
The study attempted to determine the perception of the Manobo tribe and their effect on their living and social conditions in Barangay Sta. Ines, San Luis Agusan del Sur. The descriptive method was used in this study describes the perception among the Manobo tribe on different aspects of life: their living and social conditions. This study was conducted in barangay Sta. Ines, san Luis Agusan Del Sur. There were only 195 of them who were taken as the respondents and researcher used the standardized questionnaire which were taken from the book of Mendez and used by the previous researchers. Hence, no validation was needed. The random sampling design was used in this study in selecting the respondents. On the level of perception among the Manobo tribe, the Manobos agree on their belief in god as supported with the total average weighted mean ranging from 2.01 to 2.73 or agree. They strongly agree to get involved in social gathering as evidenced with total weighted mean of 2.21 or agree. They strongly agree on good aspiration as evidenced with average weighted mean of 2.71 or agree. They agree on the family practices as supported with the average weighted mean of 2.45 or agree. They strongly agree on good family upbringing accompanied with an average weighted mean of 2.57 or strongly agree. They also strongly agree on how to treat visitors accompanied with an average weighted mean of 2.79 or strongly agree. On the living conditions, the Manobos rank 1 that they do not depend their main source of income but they work hard to have additional income for their family needs. They also rank 1 that their house is made up of wood, Nipa and bamboos for the shelter of their family and the Manobo rank 1 that they usually used herbal for their natural medicine but they send the sick person to the hospital for the health of the family. On the social conditions, the Manobos strongly agree to establish a neighborhood relationship with an average weighted mean of 2.78 or strongly agree. They also agree to establish kinship relationship and community relationship as indicated with an average weighted mean of 2.84 and 2.78 or strongly agree respectively. On the effect of perception on different aspects of life, belief in God, social; gathering, family practices, family upbringing and aspiration are best predictors in the financial condition of Manobo. Aspiration, family practices, treating visitors, wedding practices and social gathering are best predictors in neighborhood relationship. Wedding practices, treating visitors, aspiration, family practices, social gathering, family upbringing and belief in God as the best predictors in kinship relationship Family upbringing, aspiration, and family practices are best predictors in community relationship.
Virtual education is a distance mode of education which imparts education through synchronous and asynchronous types of educational technologies. It aims to provide equal educational opportunities to large number of learners beyond the gender biasness, geographical boundaries and cultural issues. It is cost effective, learner centered, activity based and flexible education system. It also provides educational opportunities to in service people, physically defected and persons bound to live in boundaries. Virtual education facilitates people to continue their education with ease and comfort without disturbing their normal routine responsibilities. Virtual learners can attend their teaching learning activities according to their own pace, time and schedule. With the advancement, application and vide acceptance of modern educational technologies virtual education is getting popularity day by day. In Pakistan first virtual education university was established in 2002 with clear mission “not for profit”. It is a federal charted university which has established 27 its own campuses and has affiliated 137 private virtual campuses in short spell of time. More than 100000 virtual learners have been enrolled in this university up to 2015. The present study was conducted with the main objectives (i) to study the framework of virtual education model, (ii) to highlight the instructional paradigms of virtual education, (iii) to identify the significance of virtual education in Pakistan, (iv) to evaluate the components of virtual education model in Pakistan, (v) to explore the challenges faced by virtual students in Pakistan, and (vi) to recommend measures for improving virtual education model in Pakistan. The population of the study consisted of faculty members and the virtual learners of the MBA program of the virtual university of Pakistan. The convenient sampling technique was adopted for study. The total sample of the study was (451) consisted of one hundred (100) faculty members, three hundred and fifty one (351) virtual learners. The study was descriptive in nature therefore survey approach was considered appropriate and adopted for its completion. Two (02) questionnaires on five points rating (likert) scale were prepared. Research tools were finalized after their pilot testing with the calculated reliability of the research instruments. The samples could only be found virtually therefore research tools were converted into google.doc to collect data. Collected data was coded in SPSS version 20 and was statistically analyzed by using percentage, mean score and standard deviation. Form the data analysis it was found that virtual education was an effective mode of education in Pakistan. The study also concluded that virtual education model of Pakistan was providing quality education based upon the parameters of learner centeredness, cost effectiveness, activity based, need based and meeting international standards of education. Therefore, the study also recommended some suggestions to improve the virtual education model. Some other public and private sector universities should also start virtual education in Pakistan to endorse quality education. Teacher student interaction should be made more cohesive. Private virtual campuses should ensure accountability and accreditation. Co-curricular activities should also be given proper weightage in virtual education.