ROLE OF KINESIOPHOBIA ON PAIN, DISABILITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background and Aim: The majority of people suffered with low back pain (LBP) at least once during their lifetime. As such, LBP is a highly prevalent and costly condition. People respond inappropriately as a result of current or possible risks and establish defensive habits (for example, hyper-vigilance) that aim at avoiding new injuries. A continued reconciling of studies which provide various answers for the same issue will be necessary for treatment decisions. This study is performed to conclude the function of Kinesiophobia and check it on   Pain, Disability and Quality of Life in Patients that are suffering from Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Methodology: A Systematic Review has been conducted. Secondary data collected from Electronic database including PubMed, Medline and Cochrain Library from inception to 2010. Total 554 Article found out of which 10 articles included in the study after excluding the duplicate article, Quality screening through Pedro Scale, and article don’t fulfilling the inclusion criteria of the study. Review completed within 9 months after approval of synopsis. Results: According to this Review total Sample size was 554 with mean Sample size 130±90, mean Age 46±5 years, Mean of Pain Intensity (VAS 0-10) 6.12±1.5, mean Pain Duration 30±14, mean Kinesiophobia Measures (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia 0-68) 37±6.5, mean Disability (Oswestry Disability Index 0-100%) 56±27, mean Quality of Life (SF 36 0-100) 39.17±15.197.  Conclusion: TSK scores showed a statistically significant correlation with Pain, Disability, education level, and SF-36 QOL. As the education level decreases, kinesiophobia scores increase and as kinesiophobia scores increase, Level of disability increases and the quality of life decreases. Patients with kinesiophobia presented greater pain intensity, a greater fear of movement and of performing physical activities and it was also associated with worse quality of life.

Womens Right of Inheritance: Practices and Challenges in Punjab

Inheritance is the primary mechanism that regulates the intergenerational transference of financial assets and property. Ownership and control of inherited property and assets can lead to economic, social, political and psychological prosperity of women. However, in Punjab’s context the female share of inheritance is often denied and in many cases women surrender by choice. The cases of denial and surrender persist despite 2011’s criminal law amendment that renders denial of female as a criminal offense. The present study is an effort to understand this phenomenon. It analyzes the cultural narratives that legitimize denial and promote surrender as an honorable choice. Simultaneously, the study investigates the institutional and structural barriers that prevent women from making a successful claim. Rawalpindi and Bahawalpur districts were selected as research sites. The study is ontologically grounded in interpretivist paradigm and epistemologically situated in social constructionist philosophy. The three tier sample of the study was selected through purposive sampling technique. Forty female participants, ten revenue officers, and ten legal and women rights experts were recruited for this study. Three types of in-depth interview guides were developed to collect the data. The study results revealed that customs and culture mediate denial and surrender. Even though inheritance is transferred to women more often following the 2011 amendment, still most women cannot access or control their inheritance. Similarly, discrepancies within the LRMIS and NADRA system and tediously slow judicial processes further exacerbate the situation. It is suggested that a deconstruction of cultural narratives, creation of transparency within the digital record systems, and sensitization of police officers, revenue department staff and judges can improve the situation. Similarly, increasing the number of female employees in these departments is equally important. Keywords: Women, Inheritance, Punjab, Institutional mechanism, Perceptions.