مقصد حیات
ہم جو بھی پڑھتے ہیں اس سے متاثر ضرور ہوتے ہیں۔اسی طرح ناول نگار بھی کسی زندگی کی عکاسی کرتاہے اور جس زندگی کی عکاسی کر رہا ہوتا ہے وہ مقصد سے خالی نہیں ہوتی۔ناول نگار قاری کیاحساسات کے بارے میں آگاہ ہوتا ہے۔اس لیے وہ انسانی نفسیات کو سمجھتے ہوئے ایک کہانی تخلیق کرتا ہے۔ایک استاد کی طرح اپنی بات کو قاری کے ذہن تک پہنچانے کا مقصد صرف اور صرف یہ ہوتا ہے کہ ایک خاص قسم کا فلسفہ اس کے ذہن میں زبردستی ڈالا جاتا ہے۔
ناول نگار نے بھی ایک مقصدی کہانی لکھی ہے۔ وہ اپنی اس کہانی کے ذریعے ہمیں کرپشن اور ملک سے غداری کرنے والوں کو بینقاب کررہے ہیں۔وہ سیکس انڈسٹری کی ایک واضح تصویر اور اس کے نتائج کو ہمارے سامنے پیش کررہے ہیں جوکہ ایک عمدہ قدم ہے۔یقیناًنو لکھی کوٹھی کے بعد ناطق کا یہ دوسرا انتہائی شاندار ناول ہے جو یاد رکھے جانے کے قابل ہوگا۔ہر موڑ قاری کو ایک نئی راہ سے متعارف کروارہا ہے شوبز کی دنیا ایک جھانسہ ہے۔ہمارے معاشرے میں چلتے پھرتے لوگوں کے بارے میں خلاصہ کیاگیا ہے۔جائیداد کا لالچ تو ایک الگ بات ،اس پہ نسل در نسل بات پر اس طرح مٹی ڈال دی جاتی ہے کہ وہ ایک معمہ بن جائے اور حل نہ ہوپائے۔ناطق نے بہت ہی جانب داری کا مظاہرہ کیا ہے اور محسوسات کے مطابق ایک مقصدی کہانی لکھی ہے۔
Iqbāl is known as a revolutionary poet, and Islamic intellectual, a religious reformer, pioneer of Islamic awareness and a great leader of the Muslims of the sub-continent. He was introduced to the Arab world during the early part of 20th century and became popular after the translations of his work into Arabic. Scholars, thinkers, writers, and politicians of Arabia were very much influenced by his literary works. A number of books were written on him. Other scholars and Muslim thinkers study his works with keen interest even in the modern times. Iqbāl was paid rich tributes by Arab writers and thinkers for his unique wealth of literary works. In this article we present the views of Arabian writers about his literary status.
The Institute for Educational Development has been a catalyst in introducing new perspectives, particularly, in the in-service teacher education. It is conducting several professional development programs and the M. Ed., in teacher education, is one of them. The IED's M. Ed. graduates are called Professional Development Teachers (PDTs). As per agreement with their management, the PDTs work with the IED and spend 50% of their time on the professional development of teachers through the Visiting Teachers (VT) programs. For the remaining 50% of their time, they work in their schools on school improvement and effectiveness. This study focuses on understanding the PDTs' role and to identify the challenges of their performance in the schools/IED. In order to understand the challenges related to the PDTs' role, a qualitative study was conducted with a group PDTs and other stakeholders. In order to gather relevant information, the research instruments including interviews, observation, document analysis were used. Attempt was made to deal with the issues such as validity, reliability, objectivity, and generalizibility. The study suggests that the PDTs' role performance was affected by some factors such as role overload, role ambiguity, role duality, and system's preference for new models of teacher education. The study has suggested that the PDTs have significantly contributed to the professional development of teachers at the IED, which has an ultimate impact on school improvement. Finally, the study proposes some recommendations related to IED and schools, which may enhance the understanding about the role of PDTs.