اسلم ملک
اسلم ملک (۱۹۳۱ء پ) سیالکوٹ کے محلہ دھارو وال میں پیدا ہوئے ۔(۹۹۸) نثر نگاری ان کی پہچان ہے لیکن اظہار کے لیے انھوں نے شاعری کا لطیف پیرایہ بھی استعمال کیا ہے۔ اسلم ملک نے بچوں کے ادب کو زیادہ اہمیت دی ہے۔ اس لیے ان کی شاعری کا بڑا حصہ بچوں کی شاعری پر محیط ہے۔اسلم ملک نے حمد سے نعت ،غزل نظم اور ہائیکو جیسی اصناف میں طبع آزمائی کی ہے۔ اسلم ملک کا شعری مجموعہ ’’خواب اور خوشبو‘‘شائع ہو چکاہے۔ تصوف اور عشقِ حقیقی اسلم ملک کی شاعری کا ایک بڑا موضوع ہے۔ اسلم ملک کے نزدیک صرف خدائے رحیم و کریم ،تعظیم ،عظمت اور تمہیدو ستائش کا حقدار ہے۔ لالہ و گل میں اس کی خوشبو ہے۔ اور سورج چاند ستاروں کی روشنی بھی اسی سے ہے کیونکہ وہ نور اور نور کا منبع ہے۔ کچھ اشعار ملاحظہ ہوں:
لالہ و گل میں جو خوشبو ہے فقط تری ہے
چاند ستاروں کی چمک میں بھی ہے فیضان تیرا
گیت تیرے ہی سناتے ہیں پرندے سارے
بزمِ قیمتی کا ہر اک فرد ثنا خواں تیرا (۹۹۹)
تو خالق و مالک ارض و سما
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
تو داتا مرے دل میں بسا
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
خلقت ساری ہے کنبہ ترا
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
تو افضل و اکمل سب سے بڑا
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
(۱۰۰۰)
شہ دو جہاں کا کرم چاہتا ہوں
سفر اپنا سوئے حرم چاہتا ہوں
دیا ان کا روشن رہے طاقِ دل پر
میں الفت میں ان کا بھرم چاہتا ہوں
(۱۰۰۱)
Enough of humiliation and what India calls as defaming by the resolutions by OIC on Kashmir, India has dealt with the challenges it had to face to enter into OIC. The tale of challenges faced by India, and the reciprocal attitude of New Delhi is a concrete depiction of international politics based on national interests, and where International organizations voice for human rights but get overpowered by individual member’s national interests. This piece of paper encompasses a show of challenges what India had to face, could overcome them and how creating challenges for its rivals.
Raman spectroscopy proved itself a non-destructive technique which is being used extensively for the characterization of biomedical media for disease diagnosis. It is based on the inelastic scattering of light. It provides the information about the vibrational modes of a molecule. A Raman spectrum of a biological media contains the molecular fingerprints which are the intrinsic characteristics of molecules. This information can be utilized to train various statistical models that as a result become a powerful tool for the characterization, diagnosis and discrimination in a variety of ways. In this thesis, the outcomes of three studies based on the Raman spectra of body fluids have been presented. First of all, a study was conducted to choose an optimal substrate to be used for acquisition of Raman spectra of body fluids. Aluminum was selected as the most suitable substrate for recording Raman spectra of human blood and sera samples. In first study, blood samples of healthy and breast cancer (BRC) female subjects were used to analyse the molecular variations caused by BRC. Partial least squares (PLS) regression based model was developed, which highlighted the bio-molecular variations found between both groups. Among these molecules lycopene, phosphatidylserine, qunoid ring, calcium oxalate and calcium hydroxyapatite were found positively correlated while tryptophan, proline, valine, glycogen and tyrosine were negatively correlated with BRC. In second study, human blood sera samples were analysed for the molecular variations due the presence of antigen at an early stage of dengue virus (DENV) infection. It was found that level of cytokines and DNA rises, while the level of proteins with alpha and beta conformations along with lectins lowers in the sera due to DENV infection at an early stage. In third study, human blood sera samples were analysed for the screening of hepatitis C infection. Hepatitis C infected sera were tested for the presence of antibodies by ELISA. Analysis of regression coefficients revealed that trehalose, chitin, ammonia and cytokines are positively correlated with the hepatitis C while lipids, beta structures of proteins and carbohydrate binding proteins like MBL are negatively correlated with hepatitis C.