مولاناامین احسن اصلاحی
۱۶؍ دسمبر ۱۹۹۷ء کو جامعۃ الفلاح بلریا گنج میں یہ اندوہ ناک خبر سنی کہ مولانا امین احسن اصلاحی صاحب کی وفات ہوگئی، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
ادھر سال بھر سے اس کا کھٹکا لگا ہوا تھا کہ علم و کمال کا یہ مہر جہاں تاب غروب ہونے والا ہے۔ اور قرآن و حدیث کے بحر کا شناور اور غواص، علامہ حمید الدین فراہیؒ کا جانشین و ترجمان، ان کے علوم و معارف کا وارث و امین، حکمت قرآنی کا شارح و مبین، دین حق کا داعی و مبلغ، اسرار دین کا عارف و آشنا، شرک و توحید اور تقویٰ و نماز کا رمزو حقیقت شناس اپنے ہزاروں شاگردوں اور قدردانوں کو مغموم، اداس اور سوگوار چھوڑ کر جلد ہی سفر آخرت پر روانہ ہونے والا ہے۔
ابھی مولانا بدرالدین اصلاحی ناظم مدرستہ الاصلاح و دائرہ حمیدیہ کا غم تازہ ہی تھا کہ مدرسہ کا یہ گل سرسبد اور فکر حمید کا سب سے بڑا حامل و شیدائی بھی رخصت ہوگیا۔
کیا کہوں تاریکیٔ زندانِ غم اندھیر ہے
پنبہ نورِ صبح سے کم جس کے روزن میں نہیں
مولانا امین احسن اصلاحی صاحبؒ اعظم گڑھ شہر سے پورب میں واقع ایک گاؤن ’’بمہور‘‘ کے متوسط زمیندار گھرانے میں ۱۹۰۳ء میں پیدا ہوئے تھے۔ ان کے والد حافظ محمد مرتضےٰ صاحب ایک دیندار، متبعِ سنت اور تہجد گزار شخص تھے، وہ اپنے فرزند کو دینی تعلیم دلانا چاہتے تھے، اپنی اس تمنا کا ذکر انھوں نے اپنے ہم وطن دوست مولانا شبلی متکلم ندوی سے کیا جو علامہ شبلیؒ کے عزیز شاگرد اور مدرستہ الاصلاح سرائے میر کے منصبِ اہتمام پر فائز تھے۔ انھوں نے اسی مدرسہ میں مولانا امین احسن صاحب کا داخلہ کرادیا، جہاں انھوں نے ان سے اور دوسرے اساتذہ سے دینی علوم کی تحصیل کی، ان کو اپنی طالب علمی کے...
The financing operations of conventional microfinance institutions are usually based on interest (Usury/Riba) which is strictly prohibited by the Shariah of Islam, therefore, some Islamic microfinance institutions were set up in Pakistan to provide micro credit and other financial help to the deserving people based on Shariah compliant mechanism. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and compare the social and financial performance of these microfinance institutions in Pakistan. Two separate samples containing two microfinance institutions each, representing conventional and Islamic microfinance institutions has been selected for this study. Four stars, Wasil Foundation and Akhuwat from Islamic microfinance institutions while Asasah and Community Support Concern (CSC) from conventional microfinance institutions, rated by Mix market have been selected for this research paper. The social and financial performance based on outreach, profitability, efficiency/productivity, and portfolio quality of both these microfinance institutions were studied and compared. The study revealed that Islamic MFIs were more cost effective compared to conventional MFIs based on cost per borrower (CPB) and operating expenses to assets (OEA), while on the basis of financial efficiency conventional MFIs performed well. Though the financial and social performance of both Islamic and conventional MFIs have improved over the passage of time, still they have to struggle hard on various fronts especially to improve their profitability based on ROA and ROE measures to make the institutions profitable and sustainable. This study reveals that the successful operation of Akhuwat and Wasil Foundation for the last more than a decade latterly proves that Islamic MFIs are viable and sustainable even in the absence of charging interest from their clients. So, the society and the government should encourage and promote these Shariah compliant organizations in order to help the extremely marginalized people of the society.
Law enforcement departments are using several criminal databases which contain different parameters related to crimes and criminals. This data is critical for investigation. There is a need to apply data mining techniques on such data to identify interesting patterns and influential parameters. These influential parameters can be used by the law enforcement departments for crime control and investigation. Criminal profiling is used by law enforcement agencies as an investigation tool to predict the suspected offenders and to extract similar patterns which help in prediction of future offences. Different criminal profiling techniques were proposed based on crime nature, geographic locations, physical characteristics, crime scene parameters, modus operandi, victim details, forensic evidence, recency, prolificness and actual location. In Pakistan generally and in the province of Khyber Paktunkhwa particularly, less work has been done in criminal profiling. In this research, a predictive system for criminal profiling has been proposed based on a mathematical model. The mathematical model is constructed from a list of attributes which are critical for criminal profiling. A scoring engine has been designed which assigns scores to criminals on the basis of which they are classified into high-profile (habitual), medium-profile, and low-profile (non-habitual) criminals. This classification will greatly help the law enforcement departments in the process of investigation, prediction and management of criminals. Dataset of prison department of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has been used in this research. There are thirty attributes available in the dataset from which twenty two have been selected using attribute selection method. Some attributes are derived from the existing attributes and finally a list of attributes has been made for research purposes. The findings of this research shows that five attributes have strong correlation with high act crimes that are: total number of hearings, recovery in high act crime, total number of group members, total number of non-blood visitors and crime frequency. There are three attributes that have strong negative correlation with the high act crimes which are: prison duration, number of dependents and education. On the basis of these attributes a mathematical scoring model is constructed which is used for criminals profiling.