یہ اقبال کے پندرہ سو خطوط پر مشتمل ہے۔ اس کی چار ضخیم جلدیں ہیں جسے سید مظفر حسین برنی نے مرتب کیا ہے۔ اقبال اتنی مصروفیت کے باوجود اردو میں سب سے زیادہ خط لکھنے والے شاعر ہیں۔ بہت سے مرتبین نے خطوط کے کئی مجموعے مرتب کیے ہیں مگر مظفر حسین برنی نے سب کو یکجا کر دیا ہے۔ اقبال نے جو خطوط لکھے وہ عقیدت مند سنبھال کر رکھتے تھے۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ خطوط کا اتنا بڑا ذخیرہ دستیاب ہو سکا ۔ شاید اور بھی کئی خطوط وقت گزرنے کے ساتھ سامنے آتے رہیں اور فکر اقبال کے نئے گوشے کھلتے رہیں۔
With advancement in the modern world, psychological issues, including anxiety and depression has become the leading cause of mental illness. Herbal products have been explored to observe their effects in helping such conditions and citrus fruits are found to be among these helping tools. To study this, current research was designed to explore the antidepressant effects of Citrus paradisi in various doses on rodents. Swiss Albino mice were used and fresh extract of Citrus paradisi was prepared. Imipramine was used as the standard drug. Ethical approval was taken from the Board of Advanced Studies, University of Karachi. The animals were divided into controlled, standard and test groups. All the animals were recruited from the animal house of University of Karachi. Forced Swimming Test was used to analyses the efficacy. It is a standard test, which is commonly used to evaluate the behavioral response in animals using a cylinder at room temperature. After the completion of dosing and monitoring the animals for 30 days, it was observed that marked improvement in the test animal’s behavior with significant p-values indicating that the extract has improved the animal’s psychological response towards the external stress and animals showed noteworthy improvement in the mobile phase as compared to the immobile phase. It can be concluded from the experimental results that protocol established in this study can be used as an alternative for patients suffering with depression as an herbal option, keeping in mind the other co morbidities of patient and drug interactions of Citrus paradisi.
This study was an attempt to verify and test a commonly held assumption that low level of employee work engagement may lead to a deviant behavior, absenteeism and high turnover intentions. For this purpose, in the current research work 246 individuals from banking sectors of Pakistan were selected through stratified random sampling technique. The responses of the respondents were measured through a structured questionnaire having a five-point Likert scale. A negative significant relationship was found between employee work engagement and behavioral outcomes. A negative significant relationship was also found between employee work engagement and turnover intention. Similarly, the study found a significant negative association between work engagement and deviant behavior. Also, a negative significant relation was found between work engagement and absenteeism. The results suggest that team work effectiveness moderates the relationship between work engagement and behavioral outcomes. Implication for theory and future research direction was also highlighted.