Before the creation of Pākistān, there were multiple points functional as circles of Qur’ānic Durūs. Among these, Dars-e- Qur’ān by Sheikh al Tafsīr Maulānā Aḥmad ‘Alī Lāhorī (d:1381A.H/1962A.D) was of a distinguished standing. Scholars from remote areas of Delhī, Luckhnow, and even of Deobund used to come over here for the genesis of the Qur’ān. Among these personalities is Maulānā Akhlāq Ḥusain Qāsmī of Delhī as well as the famous and great literary figure of the Islamic World Maulānā Abu’l-Ḥasan ‘Alī Nadvī (d:1420A.H/1999A.D). Maulānā ‘Alī Mian made a mention of it in the session of ‘Ālmī Rābitah al Adab al Islāmī in 1999 A.D at Lāhore. He said,“I confess with pride that I have gained a lot from Maulānā Aḥmad ‘Alī Lāhorī”. Moreover, these were not only the orthodox scholars who benefited from Ḥaḍrat Lāhorī but a large number of modern scholars were also on his panel as well-wishers. The name of the famous literary and scholarly figure Dr. Syed ‘Abdallāh (d:1406-A.H/1986A.D) may be quoted as an example. Prior to and after the creation of Pākistān, out of many distinguished Qur’ānic Circles, a few of these are particularly worth mentioning:
Maulānā Abu’l-Ḥasanāt Qādrī (Masjid-e-Wazīr Khān)
Maulānā Dāwūd Ghaznavī (Chuniān Wālī Masjid)
Maulānā Ghulām Murshid (Bādshāhī Masjid)
Maulānā ‘Abdallāh Farūqī (Delhi Muslim Hotel, Old Anār Kalī)
Maulānā Maudūdī (‘Abd al-Karīm Road, Qil‘ah Gojar Singh).
Dr. Isrār Aḥmad was also one of the links in the chain; he established Circles of Durūs-e- Qur’ān not only in Lāhore but in the entire country and invested all his potential to make the message of the Qur’ān so public. This book highlights his services and thoughts. There are five chapters in the book. The first chapter is entitled “Dr. Isrār...
The present day global community is confronted with several challenges, absence of peace being the biggest one. The UNO and other regional organizations strive hard to achieve this goal. Unfortunately the world is far from achieving the goal of ensuring peace. It is also a fact that in most cases the Muslim world is in turmoil and it is involved or has been involved in one way or another. In order to find out the real causes of unrest, it is imperative to analyze the situation from academic, political, economic and social aspects. This article deals with first aspect i.e. The academic. It has three parts, in the first part importance of peace has been elaborated in the light of the Quran and the Sunnah. In the second part, importance of peace treaties of the Prophet (PBUH), and one of His successors Umar, the second Caliph, has been brought in to focus. The issue that the foreign policy of Islamic State is based on perpetual peace has been discussed in this part. While in the third part those obstacles have been discussed which have caused to damage the peace process in the world.
The worldwide increase of citrus cultivation has contributed a lot in the emergence of various diseases. Gummosis is one of the most important disease of citrus caused by several species of Botryosphaeriacae most prominent Lasiodiplodia spp. along with some other species of genus Phytophthora and Fusarium. The objective of this study was the molecular identification and characterization of pathogens associated with citrus gummosis from major citrus growing areas of Punjab, Pakistan. This study included collection of diseased samples followed by isolation, morphological identification, molecular characterization, pathogenicity and virulence comparison of associated fungal pathogens. To identify the causal pathogens of citrus gummosis, symptomatic diseased bark tissues were collected from thirty localities of five major citrus production areas of Punjab. Lasiodiplodia spp. (Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Lasiodiplodia theobromae) Fusarium spp. (Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium solani, Fusarium lateritium, Fusarium proliferatum) were isolated from diseased samples. Preliminary identification of isolated fungi was based on morphological and cultural characters. For molecular identification and characterization nucleotide sequences of the ITS region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and partial sequence of the β-tubulin gene was targeted. Pathogenicity analysis of all the isolated species were performed on Citrus jambhiri cultivar which is commonly used rootstock in Punjab. L. pseudotheobromae and L. theobromae both produced typical symptoms of citrus gummosis. L. pseudotheobromae found more virulent than L. theobromae. These findings confirm that L. pseudotheobromae and L. theobromae are primary cause of citrus gummosis in Punjab, Pakistan. Fusarium species failed to produce any symptoms. Fusarium spp. has no role in disease development however it could be a secondary invader or saprophytic. Although association of different species of Phytophthora genus with this disease is reported from different parts of the world but it was not successfully isolated after numerous recommended attempts. This study provides new information for future studies of disease management, quarantine programs and especially the development of resistant varieties against citrus gummosis.