ایل۔کے۔گابا
افسوس ہے کہ ایک دن کے فرق سے یعنی۲۴اور۲۵/اکتوبر کوبمبئی میں دو ممتاز شخصیتوں مسٹر ایل۔کے۔گابا اورپروفیسر اصغر علی فیضی کا انتقال بیاسی برس کی عمر میں ہوگیا۔اوّل الذکر اصلاً پنجابی ہندواورلاہور کے نامی گرامی بیرسٹر تھے تقسیم کے بعد ہندوستان آکر بمبئی میں مستقل سکونت اختیارکرلی تھی ادھر ایک مدت سے گمنام تھے، لیکن ایک زمانہ تھاجب انھوں نے اسلام قبول کیااورایک مسلمان خاتون سے شادی کی اورپھراس کے بعداسلام کی حمایت میں نہایت پُرزور مضامین لکھے اور جگہ جگہ تقریریں کیں۔ اُس زمانہ میں اُن کانام بچہ بچہ کی زبان پر تھا۔ انگریزی کے بڑے اچھے انشاپرداز تھے۔اسی زمانہ میں رسوائے زمانہ کتاب مادرہند (Mother India)کاانھوں نے دندان شکن جواب لکھا جس کا بڑا چرچا ہوا، آنحضرت ﷺ پران کی کتاب(Prophet of The Desert) بھی بہت مشہور ہوئی۔ [نومبر۱۹۸۱ء]
The following research paper is an academic and historical study of Robert Spencer’s views about Dhimmis and Jizya. According to Robert Spencer, dhimmis are treated like ‘guilty’ people and subjected to biased and stringent conditions. Furthermore, he believes that there is an entire system of regulations that institutionalize an inferior status for non-Muslims in Islamic law. This paper is an academic effort, aiming to prove that Islam does not treat non-Muslim citizens as inferior and second class citizens nor imposes unbearably rigorous taxes on them. It consists of two parts: the first deals with Robert Spencer’s views regarding Dhimmis and the second part takes into account his views about Jizya. In this connection, all his views and allegations have been taken into consideration and an attempt has been made to absolve Islam of such groundless allegations.
Purpose of this research was to explore the aspects of HRD beyond education and training, and to explore the role of labor unions in HRD by looking at the improvement in productivity and harmony at work place due to them. For this purpose, survey questionnaires on five point Likert scale ranging from very unsatisfied to very satisfied were designed and pre-tested. The study was carried out by taking a sample of 10 unionized organizations. In these organizations, 525 unionized workers, 90 temporary non-unionized workers and employers were interviewed to collect information on role of labor unions in securing benefits for workers and motivating them for higher productivity and peace at work place. Performance of unions was estimated in two aspects. One aspect was their success in securing benefits for workers and other was in protecting the interest of employers. The success of unions’ in exerting efforts for securing benefits for workers was measured by satisfaction of workers which was dependent on15 variables i.e. wage rise, fringe benefits, job security, time decrease, health facilities, children education, over time payment, working conditions, leaves increase, post retirement benefits, recreation facilities, training opportunities, decrease of wage differences, informing workers about their rights and workers’ education. The success of unions’ in exerting efforts for protecting employers’ interest was measured by satisfaction of employers which was dependent on two variables i.e. productivity increase and work place harmony. The results of the study show that unions proved successful in securing benefits for workers and protecting the interest of employers though performance of unions needs to be improved by exerting more efforts.