سیداخلاق حسین دہلوی
شمع اردو کاایک اورچراغ بُجھ گیا،اردو کے ممتاز اہل قلم اورادیب ونقاد علامہ سید اخلاق حسین دہلوی اپنی رہائش گاہ لال محل بستی حضرت نظام الدین نئی دہلی میں تقریباً چھ ماہ کی علالت سے گذرتے ہوئے اٹھاسی سال کی طبعی عمر میں انتقال فرماکر اپنے مولیٰ کے حضور میں حاضر ہوگئے۔انا ﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون ۔
مرحوم انتہائی دیندار اوربلند پایہ کتابوں کے مصنف تھے ان کی سوانح عمری میں یہ مرقوم ہے کہ انہوں نے ۱۶ سال کی عمر میں ایک تحقیقی کتابچہ ’’عشق ‘‘ مرتب کرکے شائع کیاتھا۔ اس کے بعدتوان کی کئی کتابیں منظر عام پر آکرعلمی دینی اور ادبی حلقوں میں داد تحسین حاصل کرگئیں۔ ’ ویدک دھرم اور اسلام‘ ان کی کتاب علمی اورتاریخی دنیا میں بڑی شہرت وسراہت کاباعث بنی۔
حضرت علامہ سید اخلاق حسین دہلوی کوعلماء کرام سے بڑی ہی عقیدت تھی، مفکر ملّت حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانیؒ سے انہیں والہانہ لگاؤ وانسیت اور محبت تھی، اکثر ادارہ ندوۃ المصنفین دہلی کے دفتر میں مفتی صاحب ؒ سے ملاقات کی غرض سے آتے اور بڑی دلجمعی کے ساتھ ان کے خیالات سے استفادہ کرتے، مجاہد ملّت حضرت مولانا حفظ الرحمن ؒ اورسحبان الہند مولانا احمدسعیدؒ سے بھی ان کا خصوصی تعلق وربط تھا۔
دہلی کی تہذیب وتمدن کی نمائندگی کے جیتے جاگتے نمونہ تھے۔آہ !ایسی زندہ دل، متین ومخلص شخصیت بھی اب ہمارے درمیان سے اٹھ گئی:
’’اب اسے ڈھونڈ چراغ رخِ زیبا لے کر‘‘
مرحوم علامہ سیداخلاق حسین دہلوی ملّی کاموں میں بھی پیش پیش رہتے تھے۔ ان کے برادرِ خوردحکیم سید حسین دہلوی جن کا انتقال تقریباً ڈیڑھ دوسال پیشتر اپنے برادرِ کلاں کی حیات میں ہی ہوگیاتھا۔دہلی کی معاشرتی اورادبی زندگی کی جان تھے۔خلوص وایثار کے پیکر مجسم!
اﷲ تعالیٰ کروٹ کروٹ جنت نصیب فرمائے اورمتعلقین کوصبر جمیل عطا کرے...
Youth are the real asset of a nation, nation make progress by channelizing, the energy and effects of youth in the right direction. If youth of a nation go astray, the nation will be bound to fail. This short paper intends to look at the challenges faced by our youth for example, the political, religious and philosophical influence of anti-Islam powers, the use of all resources to attract youth to Islam, the attraction of Muslim youth to philosophy, to look into the influence of west through education which is leading the nation to financial and social way wardenss Indecency, Arabic language is replaced with other language for teaching and understanding of the Qur’ān and Unemployment, poverty and a sense of uselessness of youth is a huge challenge. This factor is leading the youth to stealing, robbery and other moral weaknesses. This short article will try to throw light on the challenges and responsibilities of youth. The history of mankind tells us that it is only the young people, who took the revolutionary measures to change the societies. Youth is the prime time of ones life. It is the time when all energies are at their peak. So one should get advantage of youth before getting old and helth before falling sick. As they say “new broom sweap clean”. Young people can bring great changes in cleaning socieities from evils. Muslim youth has great resficial to whole humanity. Today, youth is facing many challenges in their life. These challenges are in social, moral, educational, intellectual and political fields. To cope with them youth must have the knowledge and awareness. This short article tends to throw light on these challenges and gives ways and remedies to face them successfully.
Natural products have been the mainstay in treating debilitating and multipronged diseases since the dawn of medicine. The current study was designed to isolate and characterize biologically active lead compounds from an underexplored medicinal folklore Quercus dilatata L. Total 42 extracts from each of the aerial parts, nut shells and galls were prepared using sonication aided maceration as the extraction procedure. The extract library was subjected to a range of phytochemical and in vitro bioassays in order to identify most functional plant part and extraction solvent for preparative extraction. Phytochemical investigation comprised of standard colorimetric assays to determine phenolic and flavonoid contents while, RP-HPLC was carried out to establish polyphenolic profile. MTT assay was employed to determine leishmanicidic activity against Leishmania tropica whereas disc diffusion assay was performed to elucidate antibacterial, antifungal and protein kinase inhibitory spectrum. Starch-iodine chromogenic assay determined the α-amylase inhibitory potential while brine shrimp lethality. MTT and SRB assays were used to find cytotoxic potential of the subject plant. Among all extracts, maximum gallic acid equivalent phenolics and quercetin equivalent flavonoids were quantified in distilled water-acetone aerial parts extract (21.37±0.21 μg GAE/mg DW) and methanol-ethyl acetate galls extract (5.28±0.30 µg QE/mg DW) respectively. RP-HPLC revealed the presence of substantial amount of various phenolics (from 0.049±0.01 to 15.336±1.55 μg/mg extract) including pyrocatechol, gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, pcoumaric acid, ferulic acid and quercetin in aerial parts extracts. Maximum reducing power potential and total antioxidant capacity was recorded in methanol-ethyl acetate and distilled water extract of galls i.e. 50.76±1.0 and 48.57±1.1 µg AAE/mg DW respectively. Highest free radical scavenging efficiency was exhibited by methanolethyl acetate aerial parts extract (IC50 8.1±0.5 µg/ml). A noteworthy leishmanicidic potential (IC50 12.91 μg/ml) was exhibited by the ethyl acetate-acetone aerial parts extract whereas, maximum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 12.5 µg/ml) was manifested by ethyl acetate aerial parts extract. Substantial protein kinase (PK) inhibition (28±0.35 mm of bald zone of inhibition) was exhibited by methanol extract of aerial parts. Ethyl acetate galls extract showed 52.5±2.75% inhibition of α-amylase activity. Chloroform-methanol aerial parts extract showed maximum cytotoxicity against brine shrimp larvae with IC50 value of 34.54 μg/ml while significant cytotoxicity against THP-1 and Hep G2 cells was shown by nhexane and ethanol aerial part extracts with inhibition of 46.73±0.85% and 82.52±1.45% respectively. Keeping in view the abovementioned results, aerial part was selected for preparative extraction with chloroform-methanol (1:1) as its extraction solvent. Preparative extract (QDC) was partitioned through solvent-solvent extraction and the resulting fractions (QDN, QDE, QDB, QDA) were biologically evaluated to prospect fraction hits for lead development. Maximum α-amylase and leishmanisidic activities were revealed by QDE i.e. 52.44±3.21% and 83.0±2.35% respectively. QDN was found to possess maximum cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 (50.7±3.24%), MDA-MB 231 (40.0±2.31%) and Hep G2 (46.3±1.54%) cell lines whereas, QDB had the highest free radical scavenging potential (IC50 17.55 µg/ml). Maximum inhibition of TNF-α activated NF-κB (67.90±3.27%) and NO production in LPS-activated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (84.90±2.01%) was shown by QDE. QDN was found to be most active in aromatase inhibition assay (61.11±3.76%) and quinone reductase 1 induction assay (induction ratio=7). On the basis of aforementioned results, QDN was selected as hit fraction for leads isolation and was subjected to normal phase gravity and medium pressure liquid column chromatography to yield 4 compounds (QDN2, QDN4, QDN5 and QDN9). Biological evaluation of compounds suggested that maximum α-amylase, PK and antipromastigote activities were presented in case of QDN5 i.e. 19.5±2.30%, 6.5±0.10 mm ZOI and 48.0±2.30% respectively. Likewise, QDN5 showed maximum inhibition against MCF-7 (54.2±1.54%), MDA-MB-231 (43.7±2.40%) and Hep G2 (45.2±3.50%) cancer cell lines. QDN5 showed maximum cancer chemopreventive proficiency via inhibition of NF-κB (65.42±9.70%) and NO production (78.0±1.10%) assays followed by QDN2 with 63.0±5.30 and 65.1±3.20% inhibition of NO production and NF-κB respectively. X-ray crystallographic and spectroscopic studies characterized the structure of QDN2, QDN4 QDN5 and QDN9 as friedelin, 3epifriedelinol, glutinol and taraxerol respectively. In principle, the results of the current study endorses Q. dilatata as a substantial source of bioactive lead compounds.