مولانا محمد عثمان
افسوس ہے چند ماہ ہوئے مولانا محمد عثمان صاحب کا بھی اپنے وطن مالیگاؤں میں انتقال ہوگیا۔مولانا دارالعلوم دیوبند کے فارغ التحصیل تھے، استعداد پختہ تھی۔ یوں تو ان کومناسبت اوردلچسپی کم وبیش ہرفن سے تھی تاہم تفسیر اور حدیث ان کا خاص فن تھے۔ ایک عرصہ تک مالیگاؤں کے مختلف مدارس میں استاد رہے لیکن ان کی زندگی کاسب سے بڑااوراہم کارنامہ جوان کے لیے بقائے دوام کا ضامن ہے، مسلمان لڑکیوں کے لیے درس نظامی کاوہ عظیم الشان مدرسہ ہے جومالیگاؤں میں جامعۃ الصالحات کے نام سے معروف ومشہور ہے، اب تو لڑکیوں کے لیے بڑے بڑے عربی مدارس ادھراُدھر اوربھی کئی ایک ہوگئے اور ہوتے جارہے ہیں لیکن صوری اورمعنوی دونوں اعتبار سے جامعۃ الصالحات کو یک گونہ شرف فضیلت و تقدم حاصل ہے اوریہ سب کچھ نتیجہ ہے مولانا مرحوم کے اخلاص ومحبت،محنت ومشقت اور ذوق تعمیر وحسن انتظام کا۔
راقم نے کئی مرتبہ جامعہ کی دورۂ حدیث کی طالبات کاامتحان لیاہے اور ہرمرتبہ طالبات کے صحیح اور برمحل جوابات سے دل نے مسرت محسوس کی ہے۔ ان کو جامعۃ الصالحات سے عشق تھا، شب وروز اس کے کاموں میں مصروف رہتے تھے۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کوعلماوصلحا کا مقام جلیل عطافرمائے اورجامعۃ الصالحات کوکسی قسم کے شر اورضررسے محفوظ رکھے۔ [جولائی۱۹۸۴ء]
A judge should be honest, transparent, free and fair. He should always respect law. The question arises that if a judge who disrespects law and makes unbalanced decisions: as a result of which people get affected then will he or she be penalized? The Ḥanafi Scholars opine that if a judge passes a wrong decision intentionally, he should be penalized from his own property. Because in Islamic jurisprudence, judiciary owns a supremacy over the masses and everyone irrespective of the position is equal and has to obey law. Whether he is a judge or a commoner, he has to follow the rules and regulations as prescribed by law. In practice, Pakistani judges are not held responsible for making a wrong verdict. Our judges make judgments on the basis of already manipulated evidence. A judge bars himself from the responsibility of collecting evidence. Similarly, if a judge has developed personal grudges with the criminal then the criminal reserves right of appealing the higher court where the decision is reviewed and rectified. In such situation, there is a compulsion between the legal maxim "وَالْأَصْلُ عَدَمُ الضَّمَان" and the Pakistani laws. However, Ḥanafi jurisprudence and Pakistani Laws are not in accordance with each other. This study concentrates upon the nature of punishment and tort to be applied on judges in case of making a decision based on falsehood. It is suggested that Pakistan’s Judiciary should be reread as that the already in-practice system does not comply with the standards of Islamic teachings.
Paramphistomiasis is one of the most pathogenic diseases of domestic animals causing heavy economic losses to the livestock industry accounting for several million rupees annually. Epidemiological study was undertaken at slaughter houses, in sheep and goats of four different districts of Punjab province. Infection rate in sheep was 20.7, 13.3, 30.2 and 25.2 per cent at Sargodha, Faisalabad, Gujranwala and Sialkot, respectively, whereas, in goats it was 12.6, 7.6, 23.3 and 16.7 %, respectively. It was noted that in these entire four districts infection rate was the highest during the months of August – September, while the lowest in December. As regard the overall season-wise prevalence, it was the highest during autumn followed by summer, while the lowest during spring. As regard the age-wise prevalence, it was higher in younger animals than in adults. Infection was slightly higher in males than females. Area-wise prevalence indicated that it was the highest at Gujranwala district followed by Sialkot then Sargodha, whereas the lowest at Faisalabad district. Snails have been known to play an important role as intermediate hosts for helminth parasites of animals, birds, man and fishes. Geo-climatic conditions of Punjab and utilization of rivers as a source of irrigation play an important role in dissemination of these snails. For early detection of disease the PCR method was found to be useful. Snails belonging to Pulmonata and Prosobranchia classes were collected from Sargodha, Faisalabad, Gujranwala and Sialkot districts. The prevalence of snails was the highest at Gujranwala followed by Sialkot then Sargodha while the lowest at Faisalabad. Seven genera of snails were identified i.e. Lymnaea, Indoplanorbis, Bulinus, Physa, Gyraulus, Bellamaya and Oncomelania. As regard the season wise prevalence of snails, it was the highest during summer followed by autumn then winter, whereas the lowest during spring. Meteorological factors like temperature, humidity, rainfall and pan evaporation played very important role on the causation and spread of disease and snails. Therapeutic trials by using Cannabis sativa, Centratherum anthelminiticum, Nicotiana tabacum and Oxyclozanide were conducted. For these trials eighty animals were used in eight controlled experiments to compare the efficacy of certain indigenous drugs, with an allopathic drug (Oxyclozanide) against Paramphistomiasis. Efficacy of the drugs was measured by determining the difference of eggs per gram faeces (EPG) before and after treatment. Cannabis sativa after administration of a single dose of 50 and 60 mg/kg body weight reduced EPG by 52.23 and 57.44 per cent, respectively. After the administration of second dose the reduction in EPG was 79.16 and 81.2 per cent, respectively. Efficacy of Centratherum anthelminiticum at rate of 50 and 60 mg/kg body weight was 48 and percent, respectively whereas efficacy at two dose level was 82.60 and 89.36 per cent, respectively. Nicotiana tabacum at 50 and 60 mg/kg body weight was 47.82 and 50 per cent effective respectively, whereas efficacy at two dose levels was 78.23 and 84.07 percent respectively. Oxyclozanide at one and two dose levels was 83.5 and 95.65 per cent effective, respectively. The efficacy order was Oxyclozanide Centratherum anthelminticum, Nicotiana tabacum and Cannabis sativa, No side effects were noted due to the use of any of these plant origin drug.