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Implementation of High Performance Frequency and Phase Synthesizer Using Same Frequency With Different Phases [Bs Program] [+Cd]

Thesis Info

Author

Abdullah Raza Khan; Ateeq Ur Rehman, M.; Umair Hussain

Supervisor

Muhammad Asim Butt

Department

Umt, Deptt of Electrical Engineering

Program

BS

Institute

University of Management and Technology

Institute Type

Private

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

97 . CD

Subject

Engineering

Language

English

Other

Report presented in partial requirement for BS electrical engineering degree Advisor: Muhammad Asim Butt; EN; Call No: TP 621.3815486 ABD-I

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-07 06:43:27

ARI ID

1676713301824

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آئو ملک سنواریں

آئو ملک سنواریں
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معززصد رو میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر لب کشائی کرنی ہے وہ ہے:’’ آئوملک سنواریں‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
ملک کا دوسرا نام وطن ہے، وطن کی محبت ایمان سے ہے، وطن سے والہانہ عقیدت ایمان کا حصہ ہے، وطن ہے تو ہم ہیں، وطن سے ہی ہمارا وجود قائم ہے، ہمارے وطن کے گلستانوں کی مہک ہمارے دماغوں کو معطر رکھتی ہے، اس کے صحراودر یا ہمارا سرمایہ ہیں، وطن کے شجر و ہجر ہمارا اثاثہ ہیں۔
محترم صدر!
اگر یہ الفاظ دل کی اتھاہ گہرائیوں سے کہتے ہیں تو ہم قابل فخر ہیں، ہماری حیات کی عدالتیں قابلِ صدمبارک باد ہیں ، ہمارے ملک اور وطن کے بارے میں تخیلات و تصورات یقیناصائب و تندرست ہیں، ہماری محبت واقعی وطن کے لیے حقیقی ہے، ہمارا خیال وتصور واقعی اپنے ملک کے لیے طلسماتی اور کرشماتی ہے۔
صدرِذی وقار!
اس ملک سے محبت اور اس کا بناؤ سنگھار دماغ کے سوچنے کا نام نہیں ، ملک میں نکھار صرف زبان کے اظہار کا نام نہیں ، وطن کے گلشن کی تزئین صرف جسم کی حرکات کا نام نہیں وطن سے محبت اور پیار قول و قرار کا نام نہیں۔
معزز سامعین!
ملک سے محبت کرنی ہے تو وطن اور ملک کے افراد سے محبت کرنا ہوگی ، وطن کے در و دیوار سے محبت کرنا ہوگی، ملک کے نقصان کو اپنا سمجھنا ہوگا۔ وطن کے مفادات کو اپنے مفادات پرتر جیح دینا ہوگا۔ وطن کی تعمیر میں لاثانی اور مثالی کردار ادا کرنا ہوگا کیونکہ وطن ہی ہماری آن ہے، وطن اور ملک سے ہماری شان ہے، وطن ہے تو ہم ہیں وطن نہیں ہے تو ہم بھی نہیں کیونکہ یہی...

Introducing an Unexplored South Asian Treatise on I‘jāz Al-Qur’an

The present paper explores and introduces a manuscript on i‘jaz al-Qur’ān (inimitability of the Qur’ān) named Nūr al- Īqān bi i‘jaz al-Qur’ān written by a profound South Asian Sindhi Scholar, Maulana Muhammad Ismā‘īl al-Ūdvī. The field of i‘jaz al-Qur’ān has been and is the field of interest of many Muslim as well as non-Muslim theologians and scholars. Many Muslim scholars of the Middle East and the West have written books and research papers from third/ninth Century up to present times. The main and significant reason for this is that the doctrine of i‘jaz al- Qur’ān proves the prophecy of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. This paper argues that Shaikh al-Ūdvī is the first South Asian Sindhi Muslim Scholar, who wrote a separate treatise in Arabic on the doctrine of i‘jaz al-Qur’ān, which is not introduced properly in academic circles of the day. In this treatise, al-Ūdvī has advanced some new and original arguments to support the doctrine and the prophecy of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him.

Mr Image Reconstruction Using Pmri and Compressed Sensing

MR Image Reconstruction Using PMRI and Compressed Sensing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a safe and non-ionizing medical imaging modality that provides excellent soft tissue contrast. The main limitation in MRI is its long data acquisition time. Parallel MRI (pMRI) and Compressed Sensing (CS) provide a framework to lessen the MRI data acquisition time. Both pMRI and CS acquire less data in k-space and then minimize the aliasing artifacts by using dedicated reconstruction algorithms. PMRI was introduced in late 1990’s and some of its reconstruction algorithms are commercially available in the latest MRI scanners. CS was introduced in 2007 and it is mostly used in research. Recently, Graphical Processing Units (GPU) have been used to reduce the computation time in the parallel algorithms. GPU can also be used in MRI reconstruction algorithms to reduce the computation time of reconstruction algorithm (one of the main limitation in MRI). The objective of this thesis is to explore and develop new methods to improve the performance of pMRI and CS. There are four main contributions in this regard. (i) A Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) based design is developed in Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) for fast implementation of Sensitivity Encoding (SENSE), a pMRI reconstruction algorithm. The results show that the proposed GPU implementation of SENSE significantly reduces its computation time while maintaining the reconstructed image quality as compared to the conventional SENSE implementation. (ii) Receiver coil sensitivity information plays an important role in SENSE reconstruction. Eigen-value method is used for sensitivity estimation in the proposed work for SENSE reconstruction on GPU and the results are compared with the conventional Pre-scan method. The results show that Eigen-value method considerably improves the SNR of the reconstructed images as compared to the results obtained using Pre-scan method. (iii) Conjugate Gradient SENSE (CG-SENSE), proposed by Pruessmann uses both the Non-Cartesian (NC) and Cartesian k-space for image reconstruction. NC trajectories are increasingly used in recent MR imaging because they are fast and provide efficient coverage of k-space. NC trajectories are computationally extensive and require special operations including gridding and de-gridding. A GPU based implementation of the gridding and de-gridding operations is proposed in this thesis that significantly reduces the computation time of CG-SENSE while maintaining the reconstructed image quality. (iv) A combined application of CG-SENSE (a pMRI reconstruction xi algorithm) and Projections onto Convex Sets (POCS) (a CS reconstruction algorithm) is proposed for reconstructing fully-sampled MR images from the under-sampled data. The results of the proposed method are compared with CG-SENSE and POCS reconstruction separately. The results show that the proposed method allows higher acceleration factors in MRI data acquisition and notably improves the reconstructed image quality.