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Relationship Between Optimism and General Health Among University Students [M. Sc. Program] [+Cd]

Thesis Info

Author

Amber Zahra

Supervisor

Sidra Afzal

Department

UMT. Sssh. Department of Psychology

Program

MSc

Institute

University of Management and Technology

Institute Type

Private

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

28 . CD

Subject

Psychology

Language

English

Other

Report presented in partial requirement for MSc degree in Psychology Advisor: Sidra Afzal; EN; Call No: TP 158.1 AMB-R

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-08 00:38:23

ARI ID

1676713305688

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مرشیہ مرشد پاک

مرثیہ مرشد پاک
(مرثیہ جو مرشد پاک کے وصال کے بعد دربار پر حاضری کے وقت پڑھا گیا )

تان ساڑھی وچ ماڑی سوں گیوں دلدار وے
عاشق خالی ویکھ حجرہ رون ڈھائیں مار وے

سخن تیرے یاد کرکے رون زارو نذار وے
نکل آ، لا محفلاں، توں آ سُہا دربار وے

کون دیسی آن تسلیاں شہزادیاں نوں یار وے
کون دھرسی ہتھ سر تے ‘ کون کرسی پیار وے

عاشقاں دربار ملّا رون سانگاں مار وے
کد ملسی یار سوہنا بنھ کے دستار وے

حضورمحمد فیض علی شاہ ہَے نام سوہنا دل دیندا ٹھار وے
عاشقاں نے تانگ رکھی آ کرادے دیدار وے

سنج کچہری کر چلے عاشقاں سالار وے
باہجھ دلبر یار جانی جیونا بیکار وے

ویکھ جگہ مجلس والی نین مینہ برسائوندے
کتھ گئے دلدار جانی جیہڑے رونقاں لائوندے

باغ تیرا ذکر والا باہجھ تیرے سکیا
قمر نوری حسن والا ہیٹھ بدلی لکیا

نین کجلے دار تیرے عاشقاں من بھائوندے
حسن والے مان کردے عاشقاں ترسائوندے

اے محبوبا ویکھ تینوں نین کدی نہ رجدے
نوری مکھڑا حسن بھریا زلفاں کنڈل پھبدے

قادری سائیںؔ مرشد دے در رو رو ہاڑے پائوندا
باہجھ تیرے اے محبوبا چین نہ ہے آئوندا

حوالہ کا فقہی تصور اور اس کی جدید صورتیں

This article is divided in to two sections: the first one; is to study of Ḥawāla according to Fiqhi rules, i.e. Its definition, conditions, its qualities and its specifications. In the second part, Ḥawāla is discussed according to application of the Bank, and its practical forms in different institutions. Ḥawāla is a contract in which a party or a person transfers his debt from his risk to another party or another person. Ḥawāla is used for different purposes, for example, bill of exchange, Financial Papers and different Banking accounts. This paper also discusses the difference between Ḥawāla and wakālah, Ḥawāla and Kafāla, and also Ḥawāla and Debt. Therefore, analysis, about Ḥawāla is very essential and many studies have been done on it. Furthermore, it will also critically provide their textual evidence and rational arguments in order to reach a financial juristic judgment. Ḥawāla is used in credit card, discounting of bill of exchange, etc. At the end the paper discusses its conclusion and offers some requests and suggestions.

Molecular Identification and Characterization of Some Novel Halotolerant Rhizobacteria Containing Acc-Deaminase, for Growth Promotion of Phaseolus Vulgaris L. under Salt Stress

Soil salinity is one of the factors that most severely affect plant growth and production around the world. The rhizosphere supports the development and activity of a huge and diversified microbial community, including microorganisms capable to promote plant growth. Bacterial strains have variable ability to tolerate the salt stress and some salt tolerant rhizobium strains can grow at NaCl concentration up to 500 mM. Such bacterial strains are halophiles, with distinctive physiological structure and hereditary properties, salt-tolerant bacteria go through some morphological, metabolic and structural modifications to tolerate salt stress. These halo tolerant rhizobacteria colonize roots of monocots and dicots, and enhance plant growth by direct and indirect mechanisms. Modification of root system architecture by plant growth promoting bacteria implicates the production of phytohormones and other signals that lead, mostly, to enhanced lateral root branching and development of root hairs. Plant growth promoting bacteria also modify root functioning, improve plant nutrition and influence the physiology of the whole plant.Such halophilic microorganisms have captivated the attention of scholars at home and abroad. Our country has large salt deposits providing suitable condition for growth of salt loving microbes. Such salt deposits are best source for isolation of halo tolerant bacteria. In this project plants were collected from Karak salt mines (Bahadur Khel, Jatta Ismail Khel) and Khewra salt mines of Pakistan. The salt deposits of Khewra and Karak are enormously saline and the microbial communities in such areas have not been explored yet. This study reports isolation, identification and characterization of halo tolerant bacteria. This report also represents novel bacteria that require NaCl for its growth. Total sixty four bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of plants collected from Karak salt mines (Bahadur Khel, Jatta Ismail Khel) and Khewra salt mines of Pakistan belonging to fourteen different genera. Such bacterial strains can grow in media with different salt concentrations. Morphological and biochemical characteristics of these strains were studied by optimizing their growth conditions such as pH range 5-10 and NaCl range 0-30%. High microbial growth was observed at low salt concentration. Bacterial strains were identified on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that these are closely related to species belonging to different genera: Halomonas, Kushneria, Alcanivorax, Brevibacterium, Planococcus, Staphylococcus, Zhihengluella, Bacillus, Tenuibacillus, Thalassobacillus, Salinicola, Brachybacterium, Piscibacillus and Halobacillus. NCCP-934 is candidate novel strain in this study. Based upon phylogenetic analysis, physiological and chemotaxonomic data and DNA-DNA hybridization values, strain NCCP-934T belong to the genus Kushneria and showed the highest similarity as 98.9% with Kushneria marisflavi SW32T (AF251143), 98.7% with K. indalinina CG2.1T (AJ427627), 98.4% with K. avicenniae MW2aT (DQ888315) and less than 95% with the other species of the genus Kushneria and other taxa of the related genera. Strain NCCP-934T was characterized as Kushneria pakistanensis. Cells of strain NCCP-934T are Gram-stain negative, motile, non-spore forming rods and strictly aerobic. The optimal growth conditions occur at 30–33ºC and a pH of 7.0–9.0. Strain NCCP-934T tolerated to 30% NaCl with optimum growth at 3–9% (w/v) NaCl and thus, it can be considered as a moderately halophilic microorganism. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain NCCP-934T and other related strain was less than 30%. The data supported the affiliation of NCCP-934T with genus Kushneria. On the basis of results strain NCCP-934T distinguished from closely related strains and represented a novel species in the genus Kushneria, for which the name Kushneria pakistanensis sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain, NCCP-934T (=LMG 28525T = KCTC 42082T = JCM 18802T) is AB970675. Isolated bacterial strains and novel strain were characterized for their plant growth promoting properties. For this purpose PCR amplification of nifH and acdS genes was done. Bacterial strains with nifH gene and acdS genes were inoculated to Phaseolus vulgaris under sodium chloride stress. Inoculated bacterial strains showed positive results indicating that such bacterial strains can be utilized for growth promotion of different plants under salt stress.