Characteristics of Bayān-Al-Qur’ān
“Bayān al-Qur’ān” in the series of services towards the Qur’ān by Dr. Isrār Aḥmad (d:1431A. H/2010A. D) has an important standing. He had been presenting the translation besides brief explanation of the Qur’ān during Ṣalāt-e-Tarāvīh since 1984A. D; this series of daura-e-Tarjuma (translation) was liked world-wide.
The task of publishing daura Tarjuma-e-Qur’ān(held in 1998A. D inQur’ān Academy, Karāchī) in a book form had commenced in the life-time of Dr. Isrār Aḥmad. This important assignment was taken on by Anjuman Khuddām al-Qur’ān, Khyber Pakhtūnkhwāh, Peshāwar; so far, five volumes of Bayān al-Qur’ān upto Surah al-sajadah have been published.
Dr. Isrār Aḥmad’s Tarjuma-e-Qur’ān comprising a brief translation and explanation in the form of Bayān al-Qur’ān has the following peculiarities:-
1. He presents the points of explanation (Tafsīr) in a very simple but convincing way for the audience which is easy as well as understandable. While explaining the ‘Split Alphabets’(ḥarūf-e-Muqatti‘āt) with refernce to the first Āyah of Surah al-baqarah, he writes:
“These are the split words; suffice to know that no one knows the real and specific meaning of these with certainty except Allāh and His prophet(SAWS). This is a mystery resting between Allāh and the prophet(SAWS). Many explanations have come up but none of these is attributable or endorsed by the prophet(SAWS). However, it is known that the use of such split-words was common in poetic expression of the Arabs, hence they never raised a finger about the same. Out of 114 Suwar-e-Mubārakah (chapters) in the Qur’ān, 29 begin with such alphabets (ḥurūf-e-muqatti‘āt). ” [1]
Dr. Isrār made use of simple words to explain even the complex issues so that the audience follow the message of the...
"Al-Masaleh Al-Mursalah" and its authenticity in Islamic Shariyah. Discusses importance of the topic, reality of "Al-Masaleh AlMursalah ” and conflicting points among the “Usooleen" with more authentic opinion in it. Further, the article elaborates definition of “AlMasaleh ” and contains some statements of Usooleen in this regard including more authentic one. The article is divided into two parts as types of “Masaleh ” and “Al-Masleh Al-Muslah”. First type of “Masaleh” includes Al-Masaleh Al-Mutaharah” (meaning and examples) , Al-Masaleh Al-Mulgha (meanings and examples) and Al-Masaleh Al-Mursalah (meanings and examples) . Secondly, Al-Masaleh Al-Mursalah contains meanings and types such as: “AL-Hajiat”, “Al-Tahseenat", and “Al-Zuroorat ” that is the one about which scholars have a big dispute, so I mentioned scholar’s opinions with their proofs pointing out more authentic on.
Theoretical orientation of psychosocial context of work place based on Moos’ model of work environment (1986, 1994) explaining the interplay of work environment and its outcomes was investigated in the context of academic settings in Pakistan. In explaining the relative effect of work environment in predicting burnout and organization commitment within academic settings, present study also addressed the question of moderating role of personal variables which so far was remained open in this process. Universities teachers (N = 420) employed in public and private sector Universities located in Rawalpindi, Islamabad, and Lahore cities were approached using opportunity sampling. The work environment was assessed (Work Environment Scale: Moos, 1994) on basis of ten indicators namely: involvement; co-worker cohesion; supervisor support; autonomy; task orientation; work pressure; clarity; managerial control; innovation and physical comfort. Teachers’ burnout was assessed using three-facet approach defining burnout as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced sense of personal accomplishment (Maslach Burnout Inventory–Educators Survey: Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996). A three facet measure of organizational commitment namely affective, continuance, and normative commitment (Organizational Commitment Questionnaire: Meyer & Allen, 1990) was used. Personality dimensions oriented to Big-Five theory of personality were assessed using Mini- Markers Set (Saucier, 1994). The study was carried out in different phases. Phase I of the study aimed to conduct pilot study (n = 102) for evaluating preliminary psychometric issues and trend in data regarding the results of hypothesized relations of study variables. The phase II as main study (N = 426) was further subject to two parts. The part I focusing to test the factor structure of study measures using Confirmatory Factor Analysis demonstrated support for existing theoretical structure of study measures. Results of fit indices, factor loadings, consideration of reliability indices, and understanding of items in perspective of our culture were used as decision criteria to retain or exclude items of respective factors. The exclusion of items was discussed in perspective of use of these measures in our culture. Findings of multiple regression analyses highlighted that involvement as a negative predictor and work pressure as a positive predictor are explaining variance in emotional exhaustion. Additionally, managerial control and task orientation were negative predictors explaining the elaborative structure of emotional exhaustion. For depersonalization, involvement is a negative predictor. Co-worker cohesion and work pressure as positive predictors and physical comfort as a negative predictor are explaining variance in personal accomplishment. Additionally, task orientation explained variance in self related personal accomplishment. In predicting affective commitment, autonomy is a positive predictor. Co-worker cohesion and supervisor support as negative predictors and clarity as positive predictor explains variance in continuance commitment. Results of multiple moderated regression analyses provided evidences of moderation effects of certain personality dimensions, age, and public and private sector for relationship of work environment with burnout and organizational commitment. Findings of the study were discussed in light of deducing implications for improving the quality of work life of teachers.