تاشی تصویر گر
میں اذیت ناک لمحوں کی گود میں سر رکھے رو رہا ہوں
بچپن کی یادوں کے کچے رنگ
تصویر کے کینوس پر پکے رنگوں میں ڈھلتے جا رہے ہیں
یہ رنگ میرا قیمتی اثاثہ ہیں
دھنک تتلیوں کے دیس سے یہ رنگ چرانے آتی ہے
یہ سب میرے تصور کی پیدا وار ہیں
کسی تصویر میں امن کہلاتے ہیں
کسی میں محبت کے دکھ بن جاتے ہیں
چند تصویریں مجھے آزردہ کر دیتی ہیں
Islam is a religion of peace and values the sanctity of life and blood. It clearly prohibits unlawful killing. However, it is also a fact that observing this rule is very difficult during an armed conflict but still Islam has laid down clear injunctions about this. It has divided the belligerent groups into combatants and non-combatants and the rights of each one has been mentioned. In this article the later has been discussed. In this regard verses from the Holy Qura’n, Traditions of the Prophet (PBUH) and views of the jurists have been quoted. All of them guarantee sanctity of life of non-combatants. At the end, relevant articles of the International Humanitarian Law (IHL) have also been quoted, which are in consonance with the teachings of Islam.
The present research aims at exploring translational stylistic features of English texts translated from Urdu fiction; and tracing the stylistic similarities and differences among the English translated fiction, Native English and Pakistani English fiction. It also aims at finding textual dimensions, which shape the translated fiction in a specific way. Style in translation perspective is seen a complex phenomenon, which contributes to the development of discursive structure of a text and the emergence of specific meanings in any writing activity, as translational style gets particular textual features, which make it different from the style of native and non-native writings. This research finds this aspect of stylistic studies significant to be explored specifically in corpus perspective. A corpus of translated English fiction (TEF), Pakistani English fiction (PEF) and native English fiction (NEF) has been developed. The data are analyzed against the research questions of the study by employing Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (acronym as MAT, Version 1.3), a free tagger developed by Nini (2015) available online, that provides the same output as provided by Biber’s tagger. The study finds that several linguistic features are involved in the constitution of translational style, which present it different from the fiction written in native or nonnative English. Translational style of TEF when compared to the style of PEF and NEF, is found to be more; informational, carefully integrated, elaborated, formal, explicit, precise, coherent, has more certainty, shows more literariness, and is less; affective, generalized, intensified, conversational, ambiguous, verbal, depictive, imaginative, emphatic, situation dependent, persuasive, predictable, has general narrative exposition, carries non-abstract information, has low lexical variety. Being Informational and having explicit and non-abstract information are found as the significant textual dimensions of translational style. Furthermore, the findings also draw upon a multiple comparative analysis of TEF, PEF and NEF at five textual dimensions by using ANOVA test for exploring stylistic similarities and differences. This research will help understand the critical role of language in the construction of style and meaning, therefore it will have significance for translation studies scholars and practitioners in the field, especially in Pakistani context. This research will also help the scholars understand the intimate relationship between stylistics and translation studies in corpus perspective.