HOMESCHOOLING: A FORMULA FOR ESTABLISHING ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN REMOTE COMMUNITIES IN INDONESIA

The disparity in the equality of education in Indonesia, especially in backwoods areas, is one of the problems of education in Indonesia. One of the Government's action in overcoming this gap is by distributing teachers to remote areas of the country. In addition, the government also stipulates several laws and regulations as the formal legality of education in backwoods communities. This study aims to explore the possibility of implementing the homeschool education model (homeschooling) for backwoods communities, as an effort to applied Islamic subject matter and prevail education in Indonesia. This study uses a naturalistic phenomenological approach, using triangulation as one of the data analyzes. The research location is in Hansibong, a backwoods hamlet in the Sojol mountains of ParigiMoutong district, Central Sulawesi. The results of this study found that education in Hansibong is carried out informally within the family. Learning process is held in a traditional way, using very minimal of media, methods and subject matter. The material taught is limited to morality values, reading and writing, arithmetic and the ability to survive in nature. Islamic education in its function as a strengthening of cognitive intelegence, morals, spirituality and nationality has not been provided in learning at home. As a research implication, a homeschooling socialization effort is needed so that the student community can continue to a higher level. The implementation of homeschooling that is not in accordance with the technical guidelines issued by the government will only disserve students because learning outcomes cannot be equalized with existing education levels.

Sociological Study of Behavioral Change in Textile Manufacturing Organizations of Punjab, Pakistan: in Context of Global Business Culture

The prime objective of the research was to study the diffusion process and impact of the global business culture being brought by globalization on local business culture, which has longstanding roots. Several variables like age, education, income, marital status, family living pattern and background of the respondents were seen in the context of global business culture in order to measure the impact and duration of change. Some intervening variables like stress, motivation and rewards, achievement and encouragement, planning and decision making, performance appraisal system, politics, training and development, acceptance and adoption towards change, level of understanding other culture, loyalty and commitment and perception, were also analyzed in pursuit of the study objectives. The study was conducted in 100 export based textile organizations by selecting five personnel of upper and middle levels from each organization, who selected randomly. Quantitative approach used in this study to assess the impact of the global culture on local business. A random sampling design was used for the selection of employees from all the organizations. Pre-testing was carried out to examine the workability of the measuring instrument. The data were analyzed by appropriate statistical techniques including univeriate, biveriate, and multiple linear regression analysis through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings showed that several independent and intervening variables effect on behavior of people who were working in export base textile organizations. Findings revealed that employees, under global business culture, have become more planed, systematic and scientific in their attitudes. This was also emerged from analysis that survival in business organizations demands adoption and changes in behaviour. It is suggested that government should formulate comprehensive policies to create strong relationship between social scientists and business managers for maximum productivity from the global culture. It is also suggested that business organizations must incorporate monetary and non monetary benefits to the employees who adopt modern values for organizational benefits and also disseminate it.