حکیم شیر محمد شیر
حکیم شیر محمد شیر(۱۸۷۴۔۱۹۶۰) داغ دہلوی کے شاگرد اور لسان الاعجاز پنڈت میلا رام وفا کے استاد گرامی تھے۔ اقبال کی طرح آپ بھی خط و کتابت کے ذریعے مرزا خاں داغ دہلوی سے شاعری میں اصلاح لیتے تھے۔ داغ کی وفات کے بعد آپ نے سید احمد حسن میرٹھی کو اپنا کلام دکھانا شروع کر دیا۔ آپ کا کلام ہندوستان کے معروف رسائل میں چھپتا رہا۔ تین ضخیم دیوان لکھے مگر انہیں غربت کی وجہ سے شائع نہ کروا سکے۔ (۱۵۳) شیر نے غزلیں بہت کم لکھی ہیں۔ نظم‘ قصیدہ‘ مرثیہ‘ سلام اور صنف تاریخ کو تو وہ بچوں کا کھیل خیال کرتے تھے۔ بہت کوشش کے باوجود شیر کے مسودات دریافت نہیں ہو سکے۔ ’’سرزمینِ ظفر وال‘‘ کے تذکرے کے ذریعے راقم الحروف نے شیر کا کچھ کلام بازیاب کیا ہے۔ آپ نے اپنی ساری زندگی اپنے آبائی وطن ظفر وال(سیالکوٹ) میں گزاری۔ آپ کے کلام میں دیگر موضوعات کے ساتھ ساتھ مقامیت کے عناصر دیکھے جا سکتے ہیں۔ اس حوالے سے ان کی نظم ’’قصبہ ظفر وال‘‘ ملاحظہ کی جا سکتی ہے۔ اس نظم میں مقامیت کے ساتھ ساتھ ماضی و حال‘ تقسیمِ ہند اور ہندوستانی تہواروں کا ذکر بھی ملتا ہے۔ اس نظم کی زبان بہت سادہ اور سلیس ہے۔ کچھ اشعار ملاحظہ ہوں:
اب ظفر وال ہے شکستہ حال
آ گیا ہے اس آئینہ میں بال
رہ گیا ہے صرف عکس مو اس میں
خوبیاں ہیں نہ خوبرو اس میں
چشمہ مہر میں وہ آب نہیں
خم گردوں میں وہ شراب نہیں
وہ زمیں اب وہ آسمان نہ رہا
ہم نے دیکھا تو جو سماں نہ رہا
حسنِ شہری سے یہ جا محروم
اکثر اوقات بولتا ہے بوم
رہ گیا ماند...
Comrade Hyder Bux Jatoi, also known as ‘Baba e Sindh’, was the most prominent leader of the farmer societies of pre-independence Pakistan. Although he was a bureaucrat turned into a farmer activist, but later he played a very important role in the social and political settings of the country at that time. Most of the Pakistani people remember him as a sign of change and renovation in the agricultural history of Pakistan. This was a great effort to credit the front-runners and their struggle; it is very prominent among the laborers and landless leaders of the world. He devoted his entire life to set peace up for the struggle of land ownership rights to dispossessed farmers, and highlighted the cause, to be noticed by the notables. The vision of Mr. Jatoi is still reflected in many situations when initiatives are taken by the various governments of the world to provide the masses with the basic requirements of development and peace.
The present study describes epidemiology of burns in patients attending tertiary care hospital (TCH) in Faisalabad, Pakistan and role of teicoplanin and meropenem in healing of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonsas aeruginosa infected burns in rabbits. Both retrospective and prospective 1-year data were collected from 939 patients admitted to a Burn Unit of TCH. The results showed that median age of burn patients was 12-year with highest occurrence noted in pre-school children (≤ 4 years old) and overall incidence of burns was higher in male patients. Scalding was a major cause of burns seen in 50% of children population involving lower body parts of the body. Second-degree burns were more common (>68%) as compare to 3rd degree burns and mostly involved extremities. Above seventy percent of burns patients had 15-30% of total burn surface area (TBSA). Absolute majority of burns was due to unintentional causes, however, intentional reasons (1.5%) were primarily noted in male patients. The fatality rate was 14.5%, which was higher in females as compared to males (12.3%). The incidence burns was highest in winter and lowest in summer and burns correlated to month, degree of burn, cause of burn, TBSA% and outcome. Bacterial isolation rate was 84% in burns with highest prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Male patients were more positive for bacterial cultures than females and similarly rate of isolation was higher in 3rd degree burns. Minimum inhibitory concentration of TPN and MEM were lower for MRSA and P. aeruginosa and healing score of MRSA-infected-burn wounds (in rabbit model) was swift in teicoplanin treated group. In view of certain limitations like lack of record of first aid treatment, cause(s) of death, and failure to include the patients who could not seek medical care in this data, further studies are required to investigate the prognostic factors related to outcomes in burn patients.