مولانا عبدالباری ندوی
یہ شذرات لکھے جاچکے تھے کہ مولانا عبدالباری ندوی اور جناب مرزا مرتضیٰ بیگ وکیل اعظم گڑھ کے انتقال پر ملال کی خبریں ملیں، مولانا عبدالباری ندوی دارالعلوم ندوہ کے مایۂ ناز فرزند اور قدیم ترین یادگار تھے، بڑے نامور مصنف، فلسفی اور مترجم ہونے کے علاوہ دینداری کے بھی اعلیٰ نمونہ بن کررہے۔ (صباح الدین عبدالرحمن، فروری ۱۹۷۶ء)
مولانا عبدالباری ندوی
(محمد نعیم صدیقی ندوی)
تلامذہ شبلی کی بزم دوشیں کا ایک اور چراغ جو مدت سے ٹمٹما رہا تھا گزشتہ دنوں چمنستان روزگار کی نوے بہاریں دیکھ کر ہمیشہ کے لئے خاموش ہوگیا مولانا عبدالباری ندوی نے ۹۰ سال کی عمر میں اپنی جان جاں آفریں کے سپرد کردی، دارالعلوم ندوہ نے اپنے دور اول میں جتنے نامور اور باکمال فرزند اور علم و دین کے مخلص خادم پیدا کئے ان میں مرحوم کو بہت نمایاں حیثیت حاصل تھی، مبدا فیاض نے ان میں علم و عمل کی بہت سی خوبیاں جمع کردی تھیں۔
امیٹھی ضلع لکھنؤ ان کا آبائی وطن تھا یہ کچھ اہل خاندان سترکھ میں بھی آباد ہوگئے تھے، ان کے والد کے بڑے بھائی حکیم امجد علی صاحب اس جوار کے مشہور طبیب تھے، ان کے اثر سے مولانا کے والد حکیم عبدالخالق صاحب گدیہ ضلع بارہ بنکی میں طبیب مقرر ہوگئے وہیں ۱۸۸۹ء میں مولانا پیدا ہوئے، ابتدائی تعلیم مولانا محمد ادریس نگرامی سے حاصل کی، پھر ۱۹۰۲ء میں ندوہ میں داخل ہوئے، علامہ سید سلیمان ندوی اس سے ایک سال قبل ندوہ آچکے تھے، جلد ہی دونوں کے درمیان دوستی ہوگئی، بساط شبلی کی حاشیہ نشینی نے اس دوستی میں اور پختگی پیدا کی اور زندگی بھر مخلصانہ روابط قائم رہے۔
علامہ شبلی کی قدرشناس نگاہ ابتدا ہی میں اس جوہر قابل پر پڑی اور انھوں نے ان کی تعلیم و تربیت...
Stunning is the process of rendering animals immobile or unconscious, with or without killing the animal, when or immediately prior to slaughtering them for food. In modern slaughterhouses a variety of stunning methods are used on livestock. Methods include: Electrical stunning, Gas stunning, Percussive stunning. There are three opinions of Islamic scholars about stunning. Those scholars; who do not allow stunning at all; are of the view that the method of rendering animals unconscious before slaughter is against the shairah method and Sunnah, and it is Makrooh e Teḥreemi. Before slaughtering, if an animal died due to stunning, then that animal is carcass and is not allowed to be eaten. But, if before slaughter, ḥayat e Mustaqirrah is present in animal and it is slaughtered in that condition then it is permissible to eat it. Certain scholars allow stunning in certain situations with some terms and conditions. The decisions of Mjam e Faqhiyyah of modern age are also based on conditional permission. Moreover, Mufti Muḥammad Taqi Usmani, Dr. Wahabah Zoḥaili and Abdul Aziz Bin Baaz agree with conditional permission, while some other scholars allow all types of stunning without any condition; Mufti Muḥammad Abduho and his pupil Allamah Rasheed Raza Miṣri agree with later opinion.
The presented research work in this dissertation comprises of synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, hemolytic and enzyme inhibition studies of some new acetamides/sulfides bearing substituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazole and morpholine moieties. The acetamide, 1,3,4-oxadiazole and morpholine moieties are important functionalities because of their broad range of known pharmacological activities. Synthetic approaches (scheme-1-11) were utilized to synthesize poly-functional compounds. In first scheme, twenty three 5-substituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-thiols were synthesized by converting multifarious organic acids consecutively into the corresponding esters and hydrazides. Further the intermolecular cyclization of various carbohydrazides with carbon disulfide and potassium hydroxide yielded subsequent 5- substituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-thiols. Moreover, the reaction of different 5- substituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-thiols (scheme-2 & 3) with electrophiles, 2-bromo-N- [4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]acetamide and 2-bromo-N-[2-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl] acetamide yielded thirteen, N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-2-[(5-aryl/aralkyl-1,3,4- Oxadiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamides and fourteen N-[2-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-2-[(5- aryl/aralkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamides respectively in the presence of N,N- dimethylformamide and sodium hydride. Sixteen novel benzyl sulfides (scheme-4) bearing 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety and sulfo- morpholine functionality were synthesized (bromomethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)morpholine with by the different reaction of 4-(4- 5-substituted-1,3,4- Oxadiazole-2-thiols. Nucleophilic substitution reaction of free thiol group in 1,3,4- Oxadiazoles with 4-(2-chloroethyl)morpholine hydrochloride yielded thirteen, 4-[2- [[5-aryl/aralkyl-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl]thio]ethyl]morpholine derivatives (scheme-5) in the presence of acetone and potassium carbonate . A series of nineteen electrophiles (scheme-5), N-substituted-2-bromoacetamides was developed by the reaction of different substituted/unsubstituted aryl/aralkyl/alkyl amines with 2-bromoacetyl bromide by using DCM or basic aqueous medium as solvent. Seventy one (71) acetamides were synthesized by the reaction of 5-(2-chloro/3- chloro/4-chloro/4-nitrophenyl/phenyl)-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-thiols with different electrophiles by simple stirring in the presence of DMF solvent and NaH base at the room temperature. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were characterized by using IR, 1H- NMR and mass spectral data. In addition, 13C-NMR technique was also used in some cases to support the structural analysis. A rational mass fragmentation pattern of some of the compounds is also proposed. Some of the 1H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and EIMS spectra of synthesized compounds are also presented for the obvious perceptive of signals. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal, hemolytic and enzyme inhibition activities. Some of compounds were found to be active and showed interesting results in different studies declared above. The biological activity data in comparison of each scheme with the reference standard drugs is presented in biological activity section.