ملک و ملت کی تعمیر و ترقی میں احتساب کا کردار: سیرت طیبہﷺکی روشنی میں

This is a familiar fact that accountability has a primary, important and key role to reform and develop an individual as well as a society. Quran (The Holy Book) and Sunnah (The Sayings the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasize the acco-untability and the Seerah (Prophet’s life) is its practical example. The Prophet (PBUH) mentioned the importance of individual accountability, told the people to follow the principle of accountability and also set up a collective account-ability system. On various occasions, He inquired the governors and investigated their financial matters. He also strongly condemned crimes such as exploitation, corruption, deception and cheating; those are the result of lack of accountability and He communicated the Ummah to stay away from the devastating crimes like these. The study of Seerah (the Prophet’s life) shows that He strongly empha-sized the accountability among all other matters. The Prophet (PBUH) used practical measures for justice and equality, giving people their rights and elimin-ating all kinds of oppression, abuse, injustice, exploitation and corruption. It was the effect of the teaching and training of the Prophet (PBUH) that the lives of companion’s رضی اللہ عنہم اجمعین of Prophet Muhammad (PPBUH) are the basic source of guidance for mankind till the world due to accountability. The compa-nions of the Prophet (PBUH) used to arrange the accountability and also self-accountability, as a result, the society was a manifestation of transparency, peace fulness, ideal, and brotherhood. Translation errorThis article explains the need and importance of accountability, role of accountability in the country's development, different types of accountability in the light of Seerah. As a result, firstly, we may be able to step up towards the formation of a righteous society. Secondly the rules and regulations for the establishment of an ideal welfare state in the light of Seerah may come into existence.

Some Generalizations of the Banach Fixed Point Theorem: Single Valued and Multi-Valued Mappings

In [N. Mizoguchi, W. Takahashi, Fixed point theorems for multi-valued mappings on complete metric spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 141 (1989) 177–188] the authors gave a positive answer to the conjecture of S. Reich concerning the existence of fixed points of multi-valued mappings that satisfy certain contractive conditions. In this paper, we establish some results for multi-valued mappings that satisfy a generalized contractive condition in a way that it contains Mizoguchi’s result as one of its special cases. In addition, our results not only improve the results of Kiran and Kamran [Q. Kiran, T. Kamran, Nadler’s type principle with high order of convergence, Nonlinear Anal. TMA 69 (2008) 4106–4120] and some results of Agarwal et al. [R.P. Agarwal, Jewgeni Dshalalow, Donal O’Regan, Fixed point and homotopy results for generalized contractive maps of Reich type, Appl. Anal. 82 (4) (2003) 329–350] but also provide the high order of convergence of the iterative scheme and error bounds. As an application of our results, we obtain an existence result for a class of integral inclusions.