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Agent Base Simulation Fashion Retail Chain Ms Program [+Cd]

Thesis Info

Author

Azam Saeed

Department

UMT. School of Business and Economics

Program

MS

Institute

University of Management and Technology

Institute Type

Private

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

73 .

Subject

Mathematics

Language

English

Other

In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of MS. applied statistics; EN; Call No: TP 519.50285 AZA-A

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-17 21:08:06

ARI ID

1676713598515

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نصیر اللہ خان بابر

نصیر اﷲ خان بابر

چیئر مین بھٹو شہید تو حمود الرحمن کمیشن رپورٹ چھاپنا چاہتے تھے جس کے مطابق پاکستان توڑنے میں فوجی جرنیلوں کا ہاتھ تھا تو ایک میٹنگ میں جنرل ٹکا خان نے کہاکہ جناب لوگ ہم سے پہلے ہی ناراض ہیں اگر آپ حمود الرحمن کمیشن رپورٹ چھاپیں گے تو لوگ ہمارے کپڑے پھاڑ دیں گے ۔حالانکہ یہ اپنی پتلونیں تو مشرقی پاکستان میں چھوڑ آئے تھے ۔

ایک بہادر جرنیل نصیر اﷲخان بابر

ہمیں بھی یاد کر لینا

ہمارا خون بھی شامل ہے تزئین گلستان میں

ہمیں بھی یاد کر لینا چمن میں جب بہار آئے

تاریخ گواہ ہے کہ فوجی ڈکٹیٹر جنرل ضیاء الحق کے مارشل لاء کے خلاف جدو جہد میں پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے کارکنوں نے پاکستان کی جیلیں کبھی خالی نہ رہنے دیں ۔کبھی خود سوزیاں اور پھانسیاں ننگی پیٹھوں پر کوڑے طویل المعیاد سزائیں اور ہزاروں سیاسی قیدیوں کی رہائی کے بدلے محترمہ بے نظیر بھٹو شہید کو 1988ء میں لولی لنگڑی حکومت قبول کر نا پڑی اسے بھی 18ماہ بعد چلتا کر دیا گیا ۔

 

آ جائو

آ جائو سن لی میں نے تیرے ڈھول کی ترنگ

آ جائو کہ مست ہو گئی میرے لہو کی تال

آ جائو میںنے چھیل دی آنکھوں سے غم کی چھال

آ جائو میں نے درد سے بازو چھڑا لیا

آ جائو میں نے نوچ دیا بے کسی کا جال

                                                                                                                فیض احمد فیض ؔ

 

بھول بھی کیسے سکتے ہیں

وہ تمام دن وہ تمام غم...

فتوی کا اسلامی منہج: مجموع فتاوی ابن تیمیہ کے تناظر میں

Im฀m Ibn Taymiyyah is a well-known scholar of Muslims. He was an ocean of knowledge and wisdom. His books prove his excellence He was born in 661 Hijrah in Harr฀n (Syria). He learned every kind of knowledge especially religious knowledge i. E knowledge of Qur’฀n, Tafs฀r, Had฀th, Fiqh, Jurisprudence, philosophy, inheritance law, mathematics, grammar, literature, and poetry etc. He wrote hundreds of books about the above mentioned fields. He was permitted to give Fatw฀ (verdict) in his early age. He was successful in achieving the position of Ijtih฀d (authoritative interpretation of Islamic Law). Ibn Taymiyyah Studied the Profound Books of religions and sects. Then he analyzed the works in the light of senior Imams and Qur฀n and Sunnah. He is an extra ordinary person in his knowledge and writings. In brief we can say the fatw฀s of Imam Ibn Taymiyyah have printed in thirty seven volumes. His first ratiocination in Fatwa is from the Holy Qur฀n. He presents the arguments from the Hadith and Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (S. A. W). He considered Ijm฀ ‘ (consensus of Muslim opinion) as a proof of Shar฀‘ah. He presents the point of view of various schools of thought, He trusted in the books of ancient scholars. He also answers the anticipating ambiguity and complication. A few of his fatwas begin with all praise to Allah. His fatw฀s are concordant with the life of the Muslims. In this article a deep study of fatwa of Ibn Taymiyyah has been taken as a guideline for fatwa in Islamic methodology.

Studies on Anticancer and Antileishmanial Potentials of Synthetic Compounds and Insight into Anticancer Mechanism of Selected Organotin Iv Compounds

Drug development has multiple stages of drug designing and evaluation in pharmacological models for desired clinical outcomes. The unmet need to completely eradicate cancer and leishmaniasis drives researchers to continue the struggle for safer and effective medicines. Along these lines, a library of 78 organic synthetic compounds including organotin (IV) (39), indoline (15), hydrazide (4), diazole (2) and ferrocene (18) derivatives were studied against Leishmania and cancer using in vitro, in silico and in vivo models. Cytotoxicity against DU145, THP-1 and isolated lymphocytes was shown by 36 (> 70%), 21 (> 50-70%), and 18 (least IC50 2.23 μg/ml) organotins and 1 (75.72%), 4 (50.2-82.3%) and 2 (least IC50 13 μg/ml) indolines, respectively. Only 5 (50.08-81.7%) hydrazides/diazoles and 9 (least IC50 6.66 μg/ml) ferrocenes were cytotoxic to THP-1 cells and lymphocytes, respectively. A total of 38 (least MIC 0.0122 μg/disc) organotins, 1 (least MIC 3.125 μg/disc) indoline, 3 (least MIC 1.5625 μg/disc) diazole/hydrazides and 17 (least MIC 0.74 μg/disc) ferrocenes demonstrated protein kinase (PK) inhibition activity in Streptomyces 85E. Next, in silico analysis of selected 36 organotin (IV) compounds, comparatively more cytotoxic to cancer cells, showed that these were drug-like to mid structures, have low to high blood brain barrier penetration and human intestinal absorption (caco2 cell permeability 17.6-35.09 nm/sec) and were metabolized by phase I and phase II reactions. Organotins were also predicted to target multiple enzymes, transcription factors, receptors, transporters, ion channels and other proteins. Subsequently, in vitro cytotoxicity analysis in prostate cancer cell lines and fibroblasts provided least IC50 values of 0.17 μM (PC3M) and 1.67 μM (fibroblasts) for triphenyltin (IV); 0.63 μM (PC3M) and 0.12 μM (fibroblasts) for tributyltin (IV); 0.33 μM (PC3M) and 2.55 μM (fibroblasts) for dibutyltin (IV) and 6.06 μM (PC3M) and 4.29 μM (fibroblasts) for tribenzyltin (IV) compounds after 72 h of treatment. Eventually, in-depth study of two most active compounds namely dibutylstannanediyl (2Z,2’Z)-bis(4-(benzylamino)-4-oxobut-2-enoate (Ch-620) and triphenylstannyl 2-(benzylcarbamoyl) benzoate (Ch-319), showed that both compounds were more cytotoxic to prostate cancer and melanoma cells as compared to normal cells, restricted their colony forming capacity and migration, induced cell cycle arrest and caspase mediated apoptosis and disrupted associated regulatory proteins. Ch-620 resulted in phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2, upregulation of PPARα, decreased expression of SMAD4 and ITGB5 and reduced tumor proliferation as observed by proteomics, in vitro and in vivo xenograft studies. Treatment of cancer cells and transgenic Pten knockout mice with Ch-319 downregulated PI3K/Akt signaling associated with elevation of FOXO3a expression. In addition, Ch-319 decreased expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers N-cadherin and Vimentin with concomitant increase in E-cadherin in in vitro. Immunohistochemical examination of tumor sections also depicted reduction of proliferation markers. Moreover, evaluation of 78 compounds against Leishmania tropica kwh showed that 37, 5 and 1 organotin, indoline and ferrocene compounds, respectively inhibited growth of promastigotes. The selected 43 compounds predominantly organotin (IV) derivatives, halted the growth of Leishmania promastigotes partially by producing reactive oxygen species. Antileishmanial activity was reduced by 4.1-6.9 and 1.4-7.96% in triphenyltin (IV), 3.3-14.22 and 6.3-11.2% in tribenzyltin (IV), 5.2-34.38 and 1.8-38.2% in tributyltin (IV) and 7.9-15.7 and 5.2-15.4% in dibutyltin (IV) compounds in the presence of sodium azide and mannitol, respectively. Indolines and ferrocenes demonstrated antileishmanial activity reduction maximally in the presence of mannitol by 5.3 and 6.22%, respectively. Considering all these results, it is proposed that Ch-319 and Ch-620 have potential to be developed as anticancer agents against prostate cancer. Furthermore, organotin (IV) compounds in particular are also potent antileishmanial agents and detailed analysis on their mechanism is recommended.