التقريظ (2)

الرّسم العثماني وأثره على المعاني القرآنية

The Holy Qur’an is miraculous in its words, methods, organization, statements, drawings and writing, as cited and agreed by all researchers, we aim through this research to: define the Ottoman drawing in Arabic language, terminologically, demonstrating its benefits, the rule of commitment to it, weighing between sayings, demonstrating its six rules, explaining and discussing the differences between the Quranic words drawings and mentioning several examples. The most important results of this research are: 1- The opinion which comforts one's self is the commitment to Ottoman drawing, and not to be written by modern spelling methods. 2- The Ottoman drawing has multiple benefits and advantages, which are not available in any other, so that it attracts commitment and reservation. 3- It has a very significant concurrence between the drawing and the meaning of the words and verses of Quran. 4- The Qura’nic word drawing strengthens the meaning and gives the full dimensions; achieving the honesty of Allah's saying: "and whose words can be truer than those of Allah?". 5- The letters' contiguity of Quranic word, knowing its characteristics embodies the meaning with the best picture. 6- The miracle of Ottoman drawing is a modern issue that Abdalaziz Ad-Dabbagh calls the most famous and the oldest one who declared this.        The most important recommendations made in this article are: 1- Conducting more researches about the benefits of Ottoman drawing, where it still needs more studies to be conducted, and more thoughts and meditations. 2- The spread of Ottoman drawing commitment culture between Quran teachers and students. 3- Obligating all Quranic associations that adopts Quran writing to write in Ottoman drawing, and prevent any other forms of writing. 4- Obligating all students and researchers to depend on Ottoman drawing through their studies and researches; which establishes a promotion to spread its culture. 5- Guiding the researchers for more studies on this topic, throughout a focused studies and clear scientific plans.

Exploring the Role of the Principal in Facilitating Students Leadership in Secondary School in Karachi, Pakistan

Students' leadership is one of the fundamental outcomes of schooling, which should be given importance to prepare them for the demanding and challenging futures they face. In the school, the principal plays a significant role in supporting and developing students' leadership skills. It thus becomes the principal's prime responsibility to structure and maintain a positive and enabling environment for the students, where they can recognize their own values, beliefs and strengths and try to define and solve their own problems. Thus, this study focuses on the role of the principal of a private secondary school in Karachi, Pakistan, in facilitating students' leadership skills. Since, this study seeks to explore one principal's role in a particular context, therefore a qualitative approach has been chosen, employing the case study method. The case was the principal, whereas the secondary participants were teachers, students and different teaching and learning programmes in which students were practically engaged to develop their leadership skills.The findings of the study reveal that the principal perceives his school as much more than just a building where students are taught from the textbooks and are only prepared for academic achievement. He rather puts in system and practice an approach that ensures the students' holistic development. He facilitates students' leadership skills by engaging them in purposeful activities through co curricular programmes and through encouraging teachers' professional development. The principal's role in generating resources and looking out for a variety of opportunities and strategies to develop students' leadership skills was also found to be an important area of his role. In addition, it is also observed that to develop students' leadership skills is a collective contribution of principal, vice principal and teachers. The principal does not directly influence students' leadership' skills, but sets the policies and practices that ensure student leadership.This means that no matter what approach a school takes, the willingness, motivation, dedication and commitment of the principal is fundamental to bring forth all the potentials of the stakeholders to create a collaborative learning environment in the school. Thus, the role of the principal is central and evident, for effectively leading a community of teachers, learners and other school community members, in order to students' leadership skills raise student self esteem and to help them succeed as leaders. One very illuminating finding is the selective nature of developing the leadership skills of a few. Other studies to find out how and why