ارشاد ڈیروی دی منقبت نگاری دیاں فکری و فنی خوبیاں
شاعری اک اجہی ربی نعمت تے صلاحیت ہے ، جو رب حساس تے چونویں بندیاں نوں ہی عطا کردا اے، ایس لئی کہ ایہہ بندے عام لوکائی توں اپنیاں ایہناں خوبیاں پاروں سماج اندر اپنی وکھری پچھان تے مقام رکھدے ہن ، اکثر ویکھن وچ آیا ہے ، کہ جدوں کوئی بندہ شاعری شروع کردا اے، تاں اپنے آپ نوں کسے خاص صنف سخن نال جوڑکے باقی دیاں اصناف سخن نالوں ناطہ توڑ لیندا اے، پر ارشادؔ ڈیروی وانگ بہت گھٹ شاعر ہن جوا کو ویلے کامیابی نال ہرصنف سخن وچ نہ صرف طبع ازمائی کردے نیں سگوں ہر صنف سخن وچ ہر قسم دے موضوعات نوں بیان کرن دی صلاحیت وی رکھدے نیں ، عام قاری دے لئی ارشادؔ ہوری اک مرثیہ گو شاعر ہوون گے پراوہناں لوکاںآپ دی شاعری نوں کدے گوہ نال پڑھن دی کھیچل ای نئیں کیتی، اوہناں اپنی شاعری وچ حیاتی نال تعلق رکھن والے ہر موضوع نوں بیان کیتا اے ، کجھ دا ویروا کیتا جانداے۔
حمد
حمد عربی زبان دا لفظ اے جس نے معنی تعریف کرنا ، شکر کرنا اے ، (۱)حمد دا مطلب اے الحمد للہ کہنا ، حمد (ع،امث)خدا کی تعریف (افعال ، کرنا، ہونا،)، (۲)الحمدلہ، یعنی الحمد للہ، سب تعریف اللہ کے لیے ہے، کیو ںجے ساریاں صفتاں دا منبع تے مرجع اوسے دی ذات اے، قرآن پاک وچ ’’لہ الحمد‘‘ دے الفاظ(۲۴وار) استعمال ہوئے نیں ،(۳)ایسے لئی مسلمان ’’الحمد للہ‘‘ دے الفاظ کثرت نال ورت دے نیں ، جس توں مراد اللہ تعالیٰ دی تعریف تے شکر لیندے نیں ، کیوں جے اوہناں دا عقیدہ اے ، پئی خوشیاں تے غم ، دکھ تے مصیبتاں ، آرام تے سکون خوش حالی تے رزق ، زندگی تے...
Any translation of the Arabic Qur’an in English or any European language is likely to be imperfect. This is primarily due to the differences in the language, semantics, idiom, style and culture. Almost fifty such translations have appeared in the last fifty years, both by Muslim and other scholars, but none can claim any perfection in imaging the Arabic Qur’an. Nevertheless, there are some that are faithful to word-by-word (literal) or sense-for-sense (free) translation, but most lack the flavor of the Qur’anic essence and image either due to the translating approach, or inadequate understanding of the meaning of Sacred Arabic Text, or constraints of eloquence of the English language. This paper examines eight of the leading translations and draws conclusions relating to the use of translation techniques and literary devices and concepts that add beauty to the eloquence of Arabic Qur’an and makes it a living and literary masterpiece. It is found that the meaning of the lexical expressions have been maintained to a high degree in the process of translation and the use of literary devices has been adequately captured by the selected translations.
Contamination level of antibiotics namely ofloxacin (OFL), ciprofloxacin (CIP), levofloxacin (LEV), oxytetracycline (OXT) and doxycycline (DOX) were quantified in wastewater, soil, plants and underground water of areas surrounding pharmaceutical industry in Lahore. HPLC with DAD detector, C-18 column and solid phase cartridges were used to analyze antibiotic residues. In wastewater CIP was 3.0-5.25 mg/L, LEV was 0-6.20 mg/L, OFL was 2.45-4.12 mg/L, OXT was 0-9.40 mg/L, and DOX was 1.58-6.75 mg/L. From wastewater antibiotics accumulate in environmental segments and impact human health. From wastewater antibiotics accumulate in soil and plants and percolate to groundwater. The contamination level was 1000 times higher in wastewater samples than other samples, as it is the primary source of antibiotics entering environment. After wastewater, soil was the most contaminated environmental segment and ground water was the least contaminated by these residues but water is very important as it is source of accumulation of antibiotics to human and animal body as well as to plants. Drinking water is most essential thing for life on earth. Due to environmental pollution day by day the quality of drinking water is deteriorating. Ground water is being contaminated due to industrial pollution. In groundwater DOX has highest mean level of contamination and OFL was determined as highest contaminating pollutant in soil. Highest detected value in groundwater of OFL was 0.50, CIP and LEV 0.20, DOX 0.80 and OTC 0.40 ng/L. Ground water has residual level of CIP 0.01-0.20 ng/L, LEV 0.02-0.20 ng/L, OFL 0.01-0.50 ng/L, OTC 0.02-0.40 ng/L, and DOX 0.04-0.80 ng/L. Soil and vegetables are the most integral environmental segments for human and animal life. Day by day both of these segments are becoming polluted by anthropogenic resources and one of the major sources of contamination is pharmaceutical wastewater entering environment. Contamination level of OFL, CIP, LEV, OTC and DOX were determined (found) in vegetables samples in areas surrounding pharmaceutical industry. HPLC with DAD detector, C-18 column and solid phase cartridges were used to extract and analyze antibiotic residues in carrot, wheat and spinach samples. In wheat samples LEV and in spinach and carrot samples OFL was detected as highest accumulated antibiotic among five antibiotics selected. In all types of vegetables samples the contamination of each antibiotic was highest in leaves and lowest in fruits. The order of accumulation was leaves > stem / shoot > root > fruit. The contamination level was higher in soil samples than vegetables samples. From soil antibiotics accumulate in plants and vegetables, and leach to groundwater. Plants and vegetables directly or indirectly are a part of human food. The most appropriate method to stop antibiotic pollution in environmental segments is to remove or eliminate these pollutants at source. For such treatment of wastewater containing antibiotics, six photocatalyst P-I, P-II, P-III, P-IV, P-V, P-VI obtained by doping of Cr, Co, and V, were used to degrade 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm sample solutions of CIP, LEV, OFL, DOX and OXT. After 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min time period of addition of photocatalysts these samples solution were analyzed for the degradation efficacy of photocatalyst. The degradation of these antibiotics was observed for variation in parameter like pH of the solution, time of exposure to sunlight, temperature of the solution and amount of the photocatalyst added in the solution.