Theoretical Study of Indian Banking System

Banks play a significant part in India's financial system and contribute to economic growth. The banking industry is the foundation of every contemporary economy. It is one of the most significant foundations of the financial industry and plays a crucial role in economic performance. It is crucial for the growth of the nation's economy that financial demands be met; industry and agriculture demonstrate the greatest degree of dedication and accountability. Therefore, the growth of the nation is intimately tied to the growth of banks. Banks should not be seen as money changers in the contemporary economy, but as development leaders. In several economic sectors, they serve a crucial role in aggregating deposits and debt payments. The financial system reflects the country's economic life. Economic vitality is contingent upon the stability and efficacy of the financial system, which in turn is contingent upon a solid and sustainable banking system. A solid banking system that integrates deposits into productive sectors and a melting bank system allow the bank to fulfill its duties to investors. After India's independence, banks play a significant part in the country's social and economic growth. India is dominated by the banking industry, which accounts for more than half of the financial sector's assets. The Indian banking sector has seen a remarkable transformation due to the reforms of the financial industry, which are implemented in phases. In this context, the researcher has conducted an overview analysis of the Indian Banking System, resulting in the current paper.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Studies of Ferrocenyl Ureas & Thioureas

Series of ferrocene substituted organometallic thioureas and ureas of general formula [C 5 H 5 FeC 5 H 4 C 6 H 3 (R)NHC(X)NHR`] where, R = H, CH 3 , OCH 3 or Cl, R` = alkyl/aryl groups and X = O or S, have been synthesized and characterized by using elemental analysis, FT-IR, multinuclear ( 1 H and 13 C) NMR spectroscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Single crystal XRD was used for structural elucidation of some of the synthesized intermediate and end products. In all crystal structures free cyclopendienyl (Cp) ring found to be disordered over two sets of atoms. Based on the single crystal X-ray analysis most of the synthesized compounds were found to be stabilized by intermolecular as well as intramolecular hydrogen bonding and secondary non-covalent interactions. These intermolecular interactions permeate these molecules to form supera-molecular structures. The synthesized intermediates and the end products were studied for the interaction with modal bio-mimetic micelle membranes by probing with 1 H-NMR and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Membrane penetration studies have been carried out for some compounds with model lipid membrane interfaces prepared from SDS and TTAB surfactants using 1 H NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. Results show the presence of these molecules in the interfacial regions of the self assembled systems. These studies justify the lipophilic character of these compounds as their ability to penetrate into the modal membranes. Primarily these compounds were screened for their DNA binding behavior and antioxidant activity to evaluate their anti-cancer potency. Ferrocenyl ureas exhibited better anti-oxidant activity than the respective thioureas in general and compound B u 6 was found to be the most active with IC 50 = 11.94 ± 0.05 μM (IC 50 for standard thiourea is 30.53 ± 0.1 μM). DNA binding studies based on UV-Visible spectrophotometric titration shows the potential of these organometallic compounds as an anti-cancer agents. In ferrocenyl thioureas, the induction of nitro group found to increase the binding ability of these compounds with DNA in these titrations. And E t 6 was found to be the most interacting compound among the tested ones with binding constant of Kb = 10810 M -1 .