استفہام بمعنیٰ تعجب
استفہامیہ اسلوب تعجب کے لیے بھی استعمال ہوتا ہے جیسے آیت کریمہ:
"يَاأَيُّهَا الْإِنْسَانُ مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الْكَرِيمِ"۔ [[1]]
"اے انسان تجھے کس چیز نے اپنے اس پروردگار کے معاملے میں دھوکا لگا دیا ہے جو بڑا کرم والا ہے ) میں استفہامیہ اسلوب اظہار تعجب کے لیے ہے کہ اگر خدا تمہیں برابر ڈھیل دے رہا ہے تو تم نے اس ذات کریمی سے بہت سخت دھوکا کھایا"۔
" أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَلَّنْ نَجْمَعَ عِظَامَهُ”[[2]]
"کیا انسان یہ سمجھ رہا ہے کہ ہم اس کی ہڈیوں کو اکٹھا نہیں کر سکیں گے؟"
"أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْ يُتْرَكَ سُدًى “[[3]]
"کیا انسان یہ سمجھتا ہے کہ اسے یونہی چھوڑ دیا جائے گا؟"۔
ان آیات میں اللہ تعالیٰ حیرت و استعجاب کے ساتھ کہ رہا ہے کہ انسان آفاق وانفس کی تمام نشانیوں اور اپنی خلقت و ممات کو دیکھتے ہوئے بعث بعد الموت کے بارے میں شک میں پڑا ہوا ہے کیا اسے یہ پوری کائنات نظر نہیں آتی۔ کیا اسے غیر مسؤل چھوڑ دیا جائے گا۔
" مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ"[[4]]
"تمہیں کیا ہو گیا ہے ؟ تم کیسی باتیں طے کر لیتے ہو "۔
یہ متکبرین سے بانداز تعجب سوال ہے کہ تمہیں کیا ہو گیا ہے کس طرح کے فیصلے کرنے لگے ہو کہ آخرت اور جزا سزا کو نہیں مانتے ۔
" لِأَيِّ يَوْمٍ أُجِّلَتْ ، لِيَوْمِ الْفَصْلِ"۔ [
Moderation is the most distinguishing feature of Islām, which reigns all the matters and fields of the Muslim life. The Muslim nation is titled as the moderate one in the Qur’ān. It is therefore required that along with the Qur’ān and Sunnah, moderation should reflect through Islāmic jurisprudence, too, in the individual as well as the collective matters of Muslims. The author of this present study traces the roots of moderation in the collective matters of the first community of Muslims, i. E., the companions of the Prophet (SAW), who directly received the understanding of the Islām from the Prophet (SAW), therefore, they are the true examples to follow. The companions would consider the circumstances and situations to issue their jurisprudential verdicts. This is very much evident, especially, from the verdicts of the second caliph ‘Umar Ibn Khaṭṭāb. The companions would observe the principle of moderation to generate love and reverence for the religion Islām. If they had stuck stringently to mere rules and regulations, they would not have succeeded in the spread of Islām in the world. The author shows through their examples that how essential and significant it is to observe the principle of moderation while compiling jurisprudence and how to avoid exorbitance and stringency. To observe moderation needs a deep understanding of the true spirit of religion and great skills to practice it which the companions did have being the direct disciples of the Prophet (SAW). We need to follow their example without yielding to the whims of irreligious or secular modernity.
The present study aims to discover the relationship between the motivation and self confidence. For the research, the researcher formulate following hypothesis. i). Motivation will positively contribute to the development of sport confidence in sports. ii). Intrinsic motivation will more positively contribute to self confidence in sports as compare to extrinsic motivation. iii). Motivation will be different according to the nature of sports. iv). Sports confidence will be different according to the nature of sports. v) Motivational level will be different according to the gender of the player. vi). Sports confidence will be different according to the gender of the player. The sample consists of 370 players from different type of sports. For the purpose of research two measurers i). Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Brière, N.M., Vallerand, R.J., Blais, M.R., & Pelletier, L.G. (1995) ii). Trait Sports Confidence Inventory TSCI. Vealey, R. S. (1986) has been selected. For data analysis Anova, Post Hoc, Correlations and Regression has been carried out. The values are significant at 0.00 alpha levels.