ڈاکٹر حامد اﷲ ندوی
ڈاکٹر حامد اﷲ ندوی کے انتقال کی افسوس ناک خبر تاخیر سے ملی، انہوں نے ۱۹؍ اکتوبر ۹۹ء کو سنگاپور میں داعی اجل کو لبیک کہا، ان کا وطن تامل ناڈو کی مشہور ریاست آرکوٹ (نارتھ) کا ایک قصبہ چروتاپور تھا۔ یہیں وہ ۱۹۲۵ء میں پیدا ہوئے اور ابتدائی تعلیم حاصل کرنے کے بعد دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلماء میں داخلہ لیا، ندوہ سے فراغت کے بعد پونے یونیورسٹی سے فارسی اور اردو میں ایم۔اے کیا۔
درس و تدریس کا آغاز بمبئی کے مشہور تعلیمی ادارے انجمن اسلام سے ہوا، اس کے ریسرچ سنٹر سے بھی وابستہ رہے اور عرصہ تک مہاتما گاندھی میموریل سنٹر کی ہندوستانی پرچار سبھا سے منسلک رہے، جس کے ڈائریکٹر پروفیسر عبدالستار دلوی تھے۔ اسی زمانے میں ہمارے سابق رفیق مولانا عبدالرحمن پرواز اصلاحی کا تعلق بھی اس سینٹر سے تھا، انہی کے ہم راہ راقم نے پہلی بار ان دونوں حضرات سے ملاقات کا شرف حاصل کیا، دونوں دارالمصنفین کے بڑے قدرداں اور خیر خواہ تھے اس لیے مجھ سے بڑے اخلاص، محبت اور گرم جوشی سے ملے اور توقع سے زیادہ میری پذیرائی کی۔
آخر میں ڈاکٹر حامد اﷲ ندوی کا تعلق بمبئی یونیورسٹی کے شعبہ عربی سے ہوگیا، اس سے وظیفہ یاب ہونے کے بعد بمبئی کی ہنگامہ خیز زندگی سے الگ رہ کر وہ خاموشی سے علمی، ادبی اور تحقیقی کاموں میں مشغول رہتے تھے جس سے ان کو بڑا شغف تھا۔ تحریر و تصنیف کا بھی اچھا ذوق اور خاص سلیقہ تھا جس کا ثبوت ان کی تصنیفات ہیں جو تلاش، تحقیق اور محنت و جستجو سے لکھی گئی ہیں۔
ان کی کتاب ’’لکھنؤ کی لسانی خدمات‘‘ شایع ہوئی تو علمی حلقوں میں اس کی بڑی پذیرائی ہوئی، دوسری کتابیں ’’اردو کی چند نایاب مثنویاں‘‘ اردو کے چند نامور ادیب اور شاعر ’’ہندوستان اور مشرق وسطیٰ...
Strengthening rehabilitation in health systems and integrating rehabilitation across all levels of care depends on a mix of strategies, however all depend on an appropriately trained, resourced and organized workforce. Indeed, among the ten areas for action described in the World Health Organization 2030 initiative is developing a strong multidisciplinary rehabilitation workforce that is suitable for country context, and promoting rehabilitation concepts across all health workforce education.
The rehabilitation workforce is constantly evolving as it strives to provide safe practices and treatment choices based on the best available evidence to improve function, promote independence and help people reach their maximum potential. However, barriers to this evolution include a lack of well-resourced training programs, variations in the competencies expected within the standard entry-level curriculum, limited opportunities for continuing professional development, geopolitical instability, competing demands for limited health budgets and persistent de-prioritization of rehabilitation.
The present two years study (2010-11 and 2011-12) was conducted at research area of PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi (AAUR) to test various soil additives for soil moisture conservation under different cropping systems, 2) find out an appropriate cropping system for efficient resource utilization and increase production per unit area and 3) compare the profitability of different soil additives and cropping systems. The field experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with split plot arrangements keeping cropping systems in main plots and soil additives in subplots. The cropping systems included summer fallow-wheat, mungbean-wheat, sorghum-wheat, and sorghum + Mungbean–Wheat (Mungbean was intercropped in sorghum). Soil additives i.e. farm yard manure, gypsum, compost and hydrogel (Qemisoyl) were applied in third week of June 2010 @ 25 t ha-1, 2.5 t ha-1, 0.75 t ha-1 and 15 kg ha-1, respectively about two week before the onset of monsoon. During the study period data on soil moisture content, bulk density, crop growth, yield and yield components for all the crops were recorded. Competitive indices, and water use efficiency was also calculated. The data was subjected to Fisher’s Analysis of Variance Technique (ANOVA) using statistical package STATISTIX 8.1. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was used for comparison of treatment means. Economic analysis was performed using partial budget and dominance analysis techniques. The data revealed that at the time of wheat sowing after fellow or summer grown mungbean/sorghum, hydrogel (Qemisoyl) conserved higher moisture content (16.42%) in the soil profile as compared to control (12.80%). It was followed by compost, FYM and Gypsum. Among cropping systems, Mungbean-Wheat cropping xx system had slightly higher soil moisture content (15.1%) as compared to summer fellow (14.4%). Minimum soil moisture was recorded in Sorghum-Wheat system (13.2%). The moisture content in intercropping system was at par with fallow-wheat system. The values of competitive indices i.e. Land Equivalent Ratio, Relative Crowding Coefficient, and Competitive Ratio indicated sorghum/mungbean-wheat intercropping system as the most competitive and resource efficient system. Actual Yield Loss and Intercropping Advantage indices indicated reduction in yield of crops as compared to sole but it was compensated by (intercropping) production of two crops from same piece of land simultaneously. Sorghum-mungbean intercropping system produced wheat (2424 kg ha-1) at par with other systems implying this system as most productive in terms of total production per unit area per unit time (one year rotation). The partial budget analysis revealed sorghum/mungbean-wheat as most profitable cropping system and Hydrogel as most profitable soil additive. Whereas the hydrogel was most profitable soil additive in all cropping systems except mungbean-wheat system where compost was found most profitable.