غزل ---عنبرین خان
بتاؤ کون کہتا ہے, محبت بس کہانی ہے
محبت کو خدارا تم ,کبھی بھی کھیل مت سمجھو
محبت پھول کی خوشبو, محبت رنگ تتلی کا
محبت اک اشارہ ہے, وفا کا استعارہ ہے
زمیں والے! بتاؤ کس طرح سمجھیں محبت کو
محبت روشنی ہے, رنگ ہے, خوشبو ہے , نغمہ ہے
محبت ماؤں کا آنچل, محبت باپ کی شفقت
محبت ہے بہن کی اور ہے بھائی کی الفت بھی
محبت حق کا کلمہ ہے, محبت چاشنی من کی
محبت تو ازل سے ہے,محبت تا ابد ہوگی
فنا ہو جاۓ گی دنیا, فنا ہو جائیں گے ہم تم
محبت کا احاطہ اور کن الفاظ سے ہوگا
محبت تو صحیفہ ہے, محبت آسمانی ہے
محبت معجزہ ہے معجزوں کی ترجمانی ہے
محبت پربتوں کی جھیل کا شفاف پانی ہے
محبت اک ستارہ ہے, فلک کی بیکرانی ہے
محبت تو زمیں پر آسمانوں کی نشانی ہے
محبت اڑتا پنچھی ہے, محبت بہتا پانی ہے
محبت رب کی رحمت کا جہاں میں نقش ثانی ہے
محبت کھیلتا بچہ ہے اور چڑھتی جوانی ہے
محبت روح کا مرہم, دلوں کی حکمرانی ہے
محبت تو ہے آفاقی,زمانی نہ مکانی ہے
محبت باقی رہ جاۓ گی,یہ تو جاودانی ہے
محبت تو محبت ہے,محبت زندگانی ہے
Coronary artery stenosis bypass by using radial artery is good techniques which have longer outcomes. In coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) the radial artery has several advantages. The radial artery has a thick muscular wall which is more susceptibleto contraction from the competitive flow. As compared to the open harvesting technique endoscopic harvest of the radial artery has long lasting cosmetic results it also reduces the post-operative complications. The purpose of the study is to compare the two harvesting techniques and compare the short term and long term results related to intra-operative and post-operative outcomes Methods: This is retrospective study (In Queen Alia Heart Institute, Amman, Jordan) to compare endoscopic radial artery technique versus open technique by reviewing patients files through a period between June 2013 and June 2018. Total 50 patients of CABG surgery was selected they were divided into two groups. Group A includes endoscopic radial harvest (n= 10) and Group B includes open harvest (n=40). Data was collected on predesigned Performa. Data were entered and analyze through IBM SPSS 22.0 Results: There was insignificant dissimilarity between the pre-operative outcomes between groups. The Post-operative outcomes were almost same in both groups except hand numbness (P-value<0.005). The comparison of intraoperative outcomes like harvest time between both groups indicate that the mean harvest time in group A was shorter than group B (39.20 + 3.73 Vs 51.90 + 2.09, P-value=0.000). The operative time in group A was higher than the group B (306.0 + 11.6 Vs 278 + 4.25 p-value=0.00). The hospital stays in both groups were insignificantly different (p = 0.09) Conclusions: Endoscopic radial artery harvest is best suited technique for CABG surgery as it significantly decreases the harvest time as well as hospital stay. It is also proven that it is safer, less painful and better wound appearance technique with exceptional outcomes based on positive surgical experience.
Education is a process of transferring knowledge, culture and tradition of one generation to the next. The teacher is the main agent who performs his part in the process of education. A UNESCO sponsored study of four countries (Bangladesh, Nepal, India and Pakistan) conducted in 2000, shows that the female teachers perform better than male teachers in earlier grades. The purpose of this study was to draw a comparison between male and female teachers working at elementary level in government boys schools in the province of Punjab. The objectives of the study were: (i) to compare the performance of male and female teachers working in boys schools at elementary level in rural areas; (ii) to compare the performance of male and female teachers working in boys schools at elementary level in urban areas; (iii) to compare the performance of male teachers working in boys schools in rural areas with those of working in urban areas; (iv) to compare the performance of female teachers working in boys schools in rural areas with those of working in urban areas; and (v) to compare the performance of male and female teachers working in boys schools at elementary level. In this study, pre-test and post-test were used. Sixty-eight (68) students of grade 4 and sixteen (16) teachers were the sample of study. From each school thirty four (34) students and eight (8) teachers were selected as sample of study. Each group comprised of seventeen (17) students. The data collected through pre-test and post-test were analyzed by applying t-test and one way ANOVA. Significance of difference between both the comparison groups in pre-test and post-test was analyzed by using t-test at 0.05 level. The major findings of the study were; The performance of urban male teachers was better than the rural teachers in the subjects of Urdu, Maths, Science and English while the performance of urban female teachers was xv 16 better than rural female teachers in all these subjects. However, female teachers performed better than male teachers in the subjects of Urdu, Science and English except Maths while female teachers working in urban areas gave better results than male teachers working in urban area schools in the subject of Urdu, Science and English except Maths. It is recommended that Female teachers may be appointed at primary level in boys schools. Male teachers may be appointed for the teaching of mathematics at elementary level. Residence and transport facilities may be provided to the teachers working in rural areas. Every teacher may be bound to serve in rural area at least for five years during his/her job. Teaching facilities and infrastructure of elementary level may be improved. Female teachers may be provided additional training for teaching of mathematics. A handsome amount may be given in the shape of unattractive/hard area allowance to the teachers working in rural areas.