Socio-Economic Conditions of Home-Based Working Women: A Qualitative Study in Hyderabad, Sindh

This research paper focuses on socio-economic conditions of home-based working women in Hyderabad Division, of Sindh Pakistan. Main objectives of this research are (i) to analyze the Socio-economic condition of home-based working women (ii) to assess the poverty and home-based work (iii) to find out the illiteracy and home-based work (iv) to investigate the role of handicrafts and home-based work in cultural and economic development (v) to unearth the Sindhi culture of handicrafts in Hyderabad Division. To achieve research objectives qualitative research approach is adopted and data is collected by four case studies in Hyderabad division. All cases are selected randomly and analyzed by using thematic analysis method. Present study concluded that researched area is rich in handicrafts business. Women engaged themselves in home-based work due to poverty, unemployment and poor financial conditions of their families. This business has very low profit but female preferred this work due less skills and education required to carry handicrafts business. Home-based workers felt empowered due to having their own income and took part in decision making. In last it is recommended for policy makers and government agencies to give priority to this business because it has potential. It is necessary for economic development of families, culture and country.

Pakistans Post 9/11 Domestic Security Challenges: Perils and Prospects of National Internal Security Policy and National Action Plan 2005-2015

The concept of security is a relational phenomenon and is important than other notions. It is synonymous to the territorial security of state and involves with fears of other states with which they interact. In this thesis, I comprehensively explained Pakistan‘s security dilemma since its inception in 1947 and its internal and external compulsions to Western sponsored SEATO and CENTO. The country‘s permanent problem arisen from India which has intensions to destabilize Pakistan or undue the partition. However, Pakistan faced multi-dimensional threats from East to West after 1979 when the Soviet invaded in Afghanistan (1979) and later in the post 9/11 (2001) when again Pakistan become front line state in the world. The arisen of the new threats made it vulnerable to Pakistan and the government introduced National Internal Security Policy (NISP) and National Action Plan (NAP) to prevent terrorism in the country. The result shows that, the military establishment and the law enforcement agencies continue changing their objectives and strategies against the terrorists to combat. Hence, the security establishment must keep pace with those progressions. The state must move beyond the conventional method of banning the groups and evolve a strategy to block militants‘ new channels for generating funds. It is indeed a real challenge for the civil military establishment to curb militancy in the country. The research will prove that the solution to curb this menace of terrorism lies in implementing the National Internal Security Policy (NISP) approach and in the implementation of National Action Plan (NAP) and this is only possible way to strengthened National Counter Terrorism Authority (NACTA) to establish the writ of government. Nonetheless, all segments of nation must be on one page and without the implementation of National Action Plan (NAP) the real peace and harmony will not be achieved.