مولانا آزاد سجانی
دوسرا حادثہ مولانا آزاد سبحانی کی وفات کا ہے، نئی پود کو کیا معلوم کہ ایک زمانہ میں مولانا کتنی بڑی شخصیت رکھتے تھے، اگر ان کے دل و دماغ میں توازن اور خیالات و عمل میں استقلال ہوتا تو ہندوستان کے چوٹی کے علماء اور لیڈروں میں ان کا شمار ہوتا، وہ بڑے ذہین اور وسیع النظر عالم معقولات کے ماہر اور سحربیان خطیب تھے، ان کی تقریر خطابت اور منطق کا مرقع ہوتی تھی، ایک زمانہ میں مدرسہ الٰہیات کانپور کے روح رواں اور مسجد کانپور کے واقعہ کے ہیرو تھے، ہندوستان کی جنگ آزادی میں بھی ان کا حصہ ہے تحریک ترک موالات میں اور اس کے بعد بھی کچھ دنوں تک گاندھی جی کے رفیق کار اور کانگریس کے سرگرم رکن رہے، مگر ان میں استقلال نہ تھا، کسی مسلک پر زیادہ دنوں تک قائم نہ رہتے تھے اور عجیب عجیب تحریکیں اختراع کرتے تھے، ادھر کئی سال سے اسلامی کمیونزم اور حکومت ربانی کے مبلغ بن گئے تھے اور اس پر ایک کتاب بھی لکھی تھی، مگر کسی تحریک کو عرصہ تک نہ چلا سکے اور سب کا خاتمہ ناکامی پر ہوا، ادھر عرصہ سے سب جماعتوں سے الگ ہوگئے تھے اور ان کی زندگی کا آخری دور گمنانی میں بسر ہوا، مگر اس حال میں بھی جب کہ بڑی شکستہ حالت میں حکومت ربانی کی تبلیغ کرتے پھرتے تھے جب کسی مسئلہ پر گفتگو کرتے تھے تو معلوم ہوتا تھا کہ کوئی بڑا مفکر اور فلسفی بول رہا ہے، ان کی خاموش موت دنیاوی شہرت کی بے ثباتی کا سبق آموز واقعہ ہے ایک زمانہ میں جس کی خطابت کی سارے ہندوستان میں دھوم تھی، اس کی موت کو اخبارات نے ایک معمولی واقعہ سے زیادہ اہمیت نہ دی اور بہتوں کو اس کی خبر بھی نہ ہونے...
The crime of theft if committed in unavoidable circumstances like extreme hunger or famine, Hadd punishment shall remain suspended. A crime of Zina if committed in a situation where the life of a woman is in danger because of hunger or thirst and she committed Zina to acquire food items or drinking water to save her life, she will be exonerated from the charges of Zina. In the light of Quranic injunctions, the punishment of a slave girl, if she committed Zina, is half as compare to independent women and the punishment for the wives of the Holy Prophet for committing the crime of fawahish or disobedience (Nushuz), is double as compare to other women. 4. Contrary to this principle, if a respectable person committed crimes under Tazir, he deserves lesser punishment or mere admonition in the light of tradition of the Holy Prophet: (Pardon the wrong done by the nobles of the society”.5. For awarding the punishment of Rajm, if the condition of Ihsan is fulfilled, he/she will be killed by stoning. According to Shiah Imamiah, Allama Rasheed Raza and others, when a person who is once married but due to divorce or separation, is living alone or miles away from his wife and not in a position to enjoy her company. If such person committed Zin┐, he or she will not be awarded the punishment of stoning.6. In the light of tradition, it is not allowed to award death punishment except the following three circumstances. Firstly, if a person, being a Mohsan, committed Zina, . Secondly, after accepting Islam, if a person converted to other religion. Thirdly, death punishment can be awarded in retaliation of murder committed
Mentoring and assessment play pivotal role in teaching learning process. The main purpose of the study was to investigate mentoring in teaching practice at B.Ed. level in Islamabad/ Rawalpindi. The objectives of the research study were as: (1) to identify the existing situation of mentoring; (2) to identify factors involved in mentoring trainee teachers; (3) to analyse the existing informal and formal mentoring system for trainee teachers; (4) to assess the benefits accrued because of mentoring; (5) to examine the views of the mentees and mentors about the effectiveness of mentoring on their achievement. The research was conducted on B.Ed. students of National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Federal College of Education H-9 Islamabad, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Govt Elementary College for Teachers Women H-9 Islamabad, Govt College for Elementary Teachers, Saidpur Road, Rawalpindi and Bilquis College of Education for Women P.A.F Chaklala Rawalpindi to find out the objectives. All heads/Principals, supervisors, teachers and 948 students of B.Ed. of above mentioned colleges and universities were included in the target population of the study. Total sample of the study was 352, in which 274 students of B.Ed., and 72 teachers, supervisors and 6 heads/Principals of the universities and colleges were selected. The data were collected personally by the researcher. He used a questionnaire of five point likert scale for mentors and mentees. Moreover, an observational checklist was used to observe mentees. An interview of 15% sample was also conducted to know the opinion of respondents regarding mentoring. Chi-square test goodness of fit was used for data analysis. All the research findings indicated that mentoring had strong impact on the performance of mentees. It was observed that mentees were very comfortable and vii confident due to mentoring. Mentors and mentees confessed that formal mentoring was used but it had short duration of forty days. It was found that mentoring had provided psychological and emotional support to mentees and it had reduced their feelings of isolation. It was found in data analysis that mentoring had increased positive reinforcement, self esteem, inter-personal skills, performance, motivation, communication skills and reflection in mentees. After analyzing observational check list, it was found that mentees were well dressed, well planned, confident, maintained discipline, motivated, knowledgeable and competent in all aspects, after mentoring. During analysis of interview, all respondents acknowledged that formal mentoring was in progress. The respondents mentioned that mentoring was very beneficial and effective for beginner teachers. Mentors acknowledged that mentees had learned different things during mentoring as: time management; stress management; problem solving attitude and communication skills. Some suggestions may be made as: duration of mentoring may be ninety days; departments may allocate specific funds for mentoring. Further studies may be conducted in order to know the impact of mentoring in engineering, medical, administration and commerce.