Scientific Study of Balance (Al-Mīzān) in the Light of Sūrah Al-Rahmān

This article is an attempt to elaborate the phenomenon of equilibrium prevailing everywhere in the microcosmic and macrocosmic systems associated with universal stability and rhythm. It has been accentuated what is beautifully illuminated in the beginning verses of Sūrah Al-Rahmān successively regarding balance that invites one’s thought towards the well controlled cosmic system as well as with the concept of balance by means of different manners as identified by exegetes and scholars concerning daily life i.e. From simple and common to that of complex issues and intricacies. Qualitative method has been employed for this research while some aspects have also been handled in accordance with quantitative approach. Article also emphasized the series of cause and effect nexus may be declared as self explanatory episode an indication towards a Supreme Force whose widespread control and interference can’t be denied rationally. Sūrah beautifully pictured the physical and metaphysical sketch of balance having many dimensions from man to universe and vice versa as well as from both towards Ultimate Reality whose dominion is limitless where one has to follow peaceful living and to put oneself aside indulging any disruption from ordinary clash to that of nuclear war to be waged.

Role of High Performance Work Systems in Smes

High Performance Work Practices (HPWP) are part of the High Performance Work Systems (HPWS). The HPWS include Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM), Flexible Working System (FWS), Diversity and Equality System (DES), Workplace Partnership (WP) and Employee Empowerment (EE). This study was designed to assess the contribution of HPWS towards growth and expansion of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) as indicated through Enhanced Business Performance (EBP), High Employee Retention Ratio (HERR) and Boost in Workforce Innovation (BIWI). As the Ownership Profile and Characteristics (OPAC) vary from SME to SME, the variable was included as a moderating factor in the implementation of HPWS in an organisation. Hypotheses developed focus on checking the contribution of HPWS on SMEs growth and expansion as a whole and individual interaction of the indicators. The study collected empirical evidence from employers and employees through a questionnaire survey, a first ever study of its kind in Pakistan. Employing a sample of 1061 employers as well as employees, it develops and tests a modified HPWS model within the Pakistani SMEs. Regression as well as step-wise regression is used for data analysis. Regression and Step-wise regression analysis are done using SPSS version 15.0. The results indicate that the modified HPWS model works well in SMEs of Pakistan and findings revealed a positive relationship though weaker one due to lower level of education of the owners and major decision makers in SMEs. Moreover Employee Empowerment factor has a positive but very low contribution towards SMEs performance because of less than 10 employees in 67.4% SMEs. However surprisingly democratic behaviour is found dominant and affected positively towards enhanced business performance and boosting workforce innovation.