اسلم ملک
اسلم ملک (۱۹۳۱ء پ) سیالکوٹ کے محلہ دھارو وال میں پیدا ہوئے ۔(۹۹۸) نثر نگاری ان کی پہچان ہے لیکن اظہار کے لیے انھوں نے شاعری کا لطیف پیرایہ بھی استعمال کیا ہے۔ اسلم ملک نے بچوں کے ادب کو زیادہ اہمیت دی ہے۔ اس لیے ان کی شاعری کا بڑا حصہ بچوں کی شاعری پر محیط ہے۔اسلم ملک نے حمد سے نعت ،غزل نظم اور ہائیکو جیسی اصناف میں طبع آزمائی کی ہے۔ اسلم ملک کا شعری مجموعہ ’’خواب اور خوشبو‘‘شائع ہو چکاہے۔ تصوف اور عشقِ حقیقی اسلم ملک کی شاعری کا ایک بڑا موضوع ہے۔ اسلم ملک کے نزدیک صرف خدائے رحیم و کریم ،تعظیم ،عظمت اور تمہیدو ستائش کا حقدار ہے۔ لالہ و گل میں اس کی خوشبو ہے۔ اور سورج چاند ستاروں کی روشنی بھی اسی سے ہے کیونکہ وہ نور اور نور کا منبع ہے۔ کچھ اشعار ملاحظہ ہوں:
لالہ و گل میں جو خوشبو ہے فقط تری ہے
چاند ستاروں کی چمک میں بھی ہے فیضان تیرا
گیت تیرے ہی سناتے ہیں پرندے سارے
بزمِ قیمتی کا ہر اک فرد ثنا خواں تیرا (۹۹۹)
تو خالق و مالک ارض و سما
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
تو داتا مرے دل میں بسا
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
خلقت ساری ہے کنبہ ترا
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
تو افضل و اکمل سب سے بڑا
سبحان اللہ ، سبحان اللہ
(۱۰۰۰)
شہ دو جہاں کا کرم چاہتا ہوں
سفر اپنا سوئے حرم چاہتا ہوں
دیا ان کا روشن رہے طاقِ دل پر
میں الفت میں ان کا بھرم چاہتا ہوں
(۱۰۰۱)
In India scholar‘s had played incredible role for ‘Hadith’. The service of Indian Muslim scholars about methodology of Hadith is much more than other countries scholars in the last 50 years of thirteenth century. Their name should be written in golden words. There services about the methodology of Hadith are great one. Muslim scholars of sub-continent had taken keen interest in the research work of Hadith and its explanation. If we evaluate the theological history of India that ; Shah Waiullah ‘and his family worked day and night for expansion and publishing of’ Hadith ‘ Thirteenth century of hire is called a century of revolution as concerned for Hadith. Because in that era proper theological institutions were set up and very strong institutions had spread knowledge and study of methodology of Hadith
The research was conducted to evaluate the resistance/susceptibility of okra varieties against Helicoverpa armigera under field conditions during 2015-16. In preliminary screening, thirteen different varieties were evaluated at University Research Farm Koont, during 2015. The Arka Anamika variety showed comparatively resistant response against H. armigera with minimum fruit infestation (3.26%). In shoot infestation, the variety Bhindi Sabazpari showed minimum shoot infestation (6.39%) followed by Bhindi Punjab Selection and Arka Anamika expressed 6.73% and 7.88% infestation showed comparatively resistant response. According to HPSI, minimum infestation of shoot and fruit was found on Arka Anamika variety with 5.69% and 6.01% which revealed that this variety showed comparatively resistant response against H. armigera. On leaf midrib, the minimum hair density (34.91cm), leaf lamina (20.17 cm²) and hair density on leaf veins (10.67cm) were observed on the Arka Anamika and maximum stem girth (7.15cm), fruit length (6.47cm), leaf moisture with (79.07 %), ten fruit weight (87.87gm) and fruit yield per plant (88.40gm) were also observed on Arka Anamika variety. The maximum hair density on fruit (315.08cm²) was observed on Bhindi Punjab Selection while the maximum thickness of leaf (0.32μm) was observed on the variety OH-152. Regarding biochemical plant characters, the minimum nitrogen contents with 1.4% and crude protein with 17.23% were observed in Arka Anamika variety while minimum cellulose was observed in the variety Baharti Kaspori (11.48 %). Correlation between fruit infestation and physico-morphic characters viz. hair density on midrib (0.69%), thickness of leaf lamina (0.77%), hair density on leaf vein (0.89%) and hair density on leaf lamina (0.96%) were significant and positively correlated with fruit infestation while plant height (-0.72), stem girth (-0.85), hair density on fruit (-0.89) and fruit length (-0.76) were negative and significant correlated with fruit infestation. Fruit infestation and shoot infestation were correlated with abiotic factors. Positive and highly significant relationships were detected between shoot infestation and average temperature (oC) while relative humidity and precipitation (mm) showed negative but significant correlation. In third experiment different management practices viz. release Trichogramma chilonis, hoeing and weeding, clipping and lufenuron were tested individually and with all possible combinations for the controlling of American bollworm at 3 diverse areas viz. University Research Farm Koont, NARC and Farmer Field Taxila using comparatively resistant variety (Arka Anamika) during 2016. All the treatment combinations regarding damage of shoot and fruit showed significant results. The minimum fruit infestation i.e. 3.20% and 3.58% was recorded with combined treatment (i.e. T. chilonis + hoeing + weeding + lufenuron) in two different localities. The minimum shoot infestation i.e. 7.18%, 7.08% and 6.85% were observed in the combined treatments at all three different localities. This combined treatment also resulted in maximum yield at NARC and Taxila i.e. 57.67 and 62.66 q/ha respectively. This treatment gave the best results to manage H. armigera. On the basis of physico-morphic, biochemical characters, abiotic factors and different integrated pest management techniques, Arka Anamika variety proved to be comparatively resistant against H. armigera in different localities. So this variety is recommended for the cultivation in Pothwar region to get maximum yield.