پرو فیسر عبدالحق کی اقبال شناسی کے پہلوؤں کو آسانی سے دیکھا جاسکتا ہے۔ آپ نے اقبال کے ماخذ بیان کیے۔اقبال کے معاصرین پر روشنی ڈالی، اقبال اور غالب کے ذہنی رشتوں پر قلم اٹھایا۔ اقبال اور فیض کے فکری رویوں کو اجاگر کیا ۔ شارحین ِاقبال نے جو رویہ اختیار کیا اس پر روشنی ڈالی۔ آیۂ نور اور اقبال کے فلسفے پر روشنی ڈالی۔ ایسے ہی اور بھی بہت سے مضامین ہیں جو پروفیسر عبدالحق کی تصانیف میں موجود ہیں اور اس باب میں انہیں زیرِبحث لایا گیا ہے۔
اپ کے اس حصہ میں چند نثری پہلوؤں پر گفتگو کی گئی ہے۔ فکرِ اقبال میں یہ موضوعات بہت طویل ہیں اور اقبال شناس ان موضوعات پر دفتر کے دفتر بھی قلم بند کر چکے ہیں۔ یہاں صرف پروفیسر عبد الحق کے مضامین سے ان کے نظریات اخذ کیے گئے ہیں جو ان موضوعات سے تعلق رکھتے ہیں۔ اختصار کے پہلو کو مد نظر رکھا گیا ہے۔ اگر ان موضوعات کو طوالت دی جاتی تو تحقیق کا رخ بدل جاتا اور تحقیق میں یہ بات اہم ہوتی ہے کہ محقق موضوع کی حدود میں رہے۔ دائرہ اختیار میں رہنے سے سچائی بھی سامنے آتی ہے۔
اس حصہ میں قومیت ، وطنیت اور مرد مومن کے حوالہ سے گفتگو موجود ہے۔ اس کے علاوہ ”دیگر نکات “کے عنوان سے بھی کچھ گفتگو ہے۔ اس میں دراصل دو مضامین شبلی اورمعاصرین سے لیے گئے ہیں۔
This study aimed at finding out Islamic education values embedded in the tradition of Merti Deso in Suku Menanti Village, Sindang Jati District, Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used in this study encompassed observation and interviews conducted periodically. After the data were collected, the data were further analyzed by means of Miles, Haberman, and Saldana’s version of stages, namely data selection, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. This study concluded that the Islamic education values embedded in the tradition of Merti Deso were religious and spiritual values, muamalah/social values, and economic values.
Synthetic dyes are widely used in textile, leather and other dye-stuff industries. A large fraction of the dyes applied during the dyeing processes are released into wastewater. Therefore, the wastewater from dye-related industries is very colorful, with high chemical oxidation and biological oxidation demand. This wastewater must be treated prior to discharge into wastewater streams to prevent pollution of surface and groundwater, and the risk to public health. The present study was designed with the aim to isolate potential strains of algae capable of degrading azo dyes for the treatment of textile wastewater. Eighty-eight algae strains were isolated on agar plates using modified MA medium. About 20 algal strains were screened by enrichment of the medium with 100 mg L-1 Reactive Blue azo dye. Out of 20 isolates of algae, two strains CKW1 (Spirogyra sp.) and PKS33 (Cladophora sp.) were able to decolorize 88% and 83% dye, respectively, in seven days incubation time. The substrate (dye) 100 mg L-1, pH 8, 30 °C temperature and 16 h light duration were found to be optimum conditions for maximum decolorization of azo dyes by these strains of algae. Under optimal conditions, both strains were able to completely decolorize the structurally different synthetic textile dyes and real textile wastewater in 96 h to 120 h. Algal cells showed a better efficacy in decolorizing real textile effluent than observed with dead algae biomass (dry). About 60% decolorization of the real textile wastewater was achieved by living cells in only 24 hours and 80% decolorization in 120 h. Toxicity analyses were performed in terms of hemolytic activity. The results showed that the treated wastewater with algae living biomass reduced the toxicity of wastewater by 70-80%, while a reduction of 30-35% of the toxicity was observed in the case of algae dead mass. The treated textile wastewater also improved significantly wheat growth compared to untreated real wastewater. Using the trans- esterification method, it was found that the algal biomass produced by the use of textile treated effluent could be used to produce biodiesel. These findings suggest that algae could be used to treat wastewater containing textile dyes that can be used for growing crop plants.