مولانا ابوبکر محمد شیثؔ جونپوری
افسوس ہے کہ شیث جونپوری نے دو ڈھائی برس کی سخت علالت کے بعد اپنے وطن جونپور میں ۲۳؍ شعبان ۱۳۵۹ھ مطابق ۲۶؍ ستمبر ۱۹۴۰ء کی رات کو ۳ بجے اس جہانِ فانی کو الوداع کہا، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
مر حوم جونپورکے ایک مشہور علمی خاندان کے فرد تھے،اُن کے دادا مولانا سخاوت علی صاحب مولانا شاہ عبد الحئی صاحب دہلوی اور مولانا اسماعیل شہید کے فیض یافتہ اور پورب میں توحید و سنت کے سب سے بڑے داعی، اور اس دور میں اسلامی علوم وفنون کے بہت بڑے مدرس تھے، جونپور میں بیٹھ کر تنِ تنہا سینکڑوں علمائے دین پیدا کئے اور پورب کے خطّہ میں اُن کو جگہ جگہ پھیلا کر اس نازک مو قع پر اسلام کی مو رچہ بندی کی، وہ ہجرت کرکے بعد کو مدینہ منورہ چلے گئے تھے اور وہیں وفات پائی، راقم کو بھی یہ فخر حاصل ہے کہ اس کے دادا کے حقیقی بھائی انھیں کی مجلسِ درس سے مستفیض تھے۔
مو لانا کا پورا خاندان اس وقت سے اب تک علمائے دین کا خانوادہ ہے، جس کی سعی و کوشش نے پورب کی سرزمین کو بڑا فیض پہنچایا، مولانا مرحوم نے نیچے کی تعلیم گھر میں پاکر مولانا عبداﷲ صاحب غازی پوری سے مدرسۂ احمدیہ آراہ جاکر علوم کی تحصیل کی، اور واپس آکر اپنے خاندانی مدرسہ کے اہتمام وانتظام کا اور ساتھ ہی ملک کے مختلف گوشوں میں جاکر ہدایت و ارشاد کا کام انجام دینا شروع کیا۔
موصوف سے میری ملاقات ۱۹۲۰ء میں تحریک خلافت کے سلسلہ میں ہوئی ،یہ ملاقات دوستی، اور دوستی سے اتحاد کی اس منزل تک پہنچ گئی جس کے بعد خیال کی دوئی کا کوئی مرتبہ نہیں رہتا، ایک دفعہ میں نے کہا اور اُنھوں نے مانا تھا کہ ایک مذہب ہے جس کے دو...
NAC transcription factors are considered as main family of transcriptional regulators in plants. NAC gene family members play significant contribution in regulating transcriptional reprogramming in plants related to plant stress response. These proteins possess highly conserved DNA binding domains and play a diverse functions in several plants. NAC gene is related to several stress factors including biotic and abiotic factors. NAC transcription factors controls several interrelated processes and their protein products can function as negative or positive regulators in many cellular processes. These regulatory functions are also controlled by NAC proteins such as auto and cross regulation. These regulatory proteins are regarded as a central regulator for the interaction of phytohormones in various stress signaling pathways. This review highlights the role of NAC transcription factors in modulating gene expression and their role in various biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
The strong economy and stabilized politics of US and geostrategic location and independent foreign policy of Iran have made them dominate powers in world politics. Unfortunately, their regional contradictory policies have been affectingPakistan badly since Pakistan has been linked with both of them one way or the other. Most importantly, the post-Islamic Revolution period brought serious ambiguities in Pak-Iran-US triangle since Pakistan became a strategic partner of US in Afghanistan against Soviet intervention whereas Iran declared US a Great Devil. Meanwhile, the incident of siege of Makkah and Pakistan’s inclination towards Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) further caused disturbance in Pak-Iran relations since Iran consider the GCC a council against its ideology. The thesis highlights the involvement of US in the affair of South Asia and Iran and its direct effects on Pakistan after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. It is believed that terrorism, extremism and nuclearization pace in South Asia have created enough excuse for US to butt in the internal politics of South Asia where Pakistan has been witnessed in siding the policies of US whose impacts were directly felt on Pak-Iran relations. The thesis also highlights the questions why has Pakistan been unable to maintain its neutrality over either the Iran-US political conflict or Iran-Saudi ideological war. It is believed that the economic compulsion and destabilized politics of Pakistan led Pakistan to be indecisive over its foreign policies via-a-vis Iran. However, it ought to be noted that the geo-strategic convergence, identical ideology and regional common issues of Pakistan and Iran are certain areas of convergence which do not only bridge the political gap between Pakistan and Iran, they also greatly benefit Pakistan economically and strengthen its national security. Moreover, via Iran, Pakistan can suffice its energy requirement; suppress the extremism and insurgency in Balochistan since these are the common issues of both countries. More importantly, the successful materialization of Gwadar Port and full-fledged operation of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) are mainly depended upon the regional policies of Iran. Therefore, keeping the whole VI above factors, while formulating its regional and international policies, Pakistan has to take a great care of Iran, without harming the national interests of the US, Iran and Saudi Arabia. But, the historical economic dependency towards US and political instability of Pakistan made it extremely tough for Pakistan to create a balanced relationship between US, Iran and Saudi Arabia. So, thesis would give a way forward to Pakistan to escape from the direct conflict of US and Iran and maintain a balanced relationship between Iran and US. The thesis is qualitative in nature where the author has investigated and analyzed certain facts, ambiguities and major issues of US-Iran-Saudi triangle and their implications on the region generally and on Pakistan specifically. The involvement of Pakistan in the proxy war of US in 1980s, becoming the frontline state in war against terror, inclination towards Saudi Arabia after Islamic Revolution, entertaining US regional interests, no doubt, earned dollars for Pakistan, but, they badly enhanced the economic dependency of Pakistan, promoted sectarian violence in Pakistan, doubled terrorist activities in the region and more importantly, created ways for regional and international powers to intervene in the internal politics of Pakistan.