اسلامی خارجہ پالیسی کےبنیادی اصول اور دورجدید کے بین الاقوامی تعلقات

Islam covers all aspects of human life. It is not only a religion but also a complete code of life. Hazrat Muḥammad ﷺ is the last Rasool of Allah Almighty. All his life is a translation and interpretation of the Holly Qur’ān. In this article, it is proved that the fundamental rules of Islamic foreign affairs are the torchbearer and leader for the modern age world. If we make a deep study of Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism or any other religion or school of thought of the world we would not find a complete and permanent solution related to peace, security and prosperity in the world. Islam gives us the golden rules for one person, society or state in the field of making relations with others individually and collectively. Islam lays great stress on equality, social justice, brotherhood and peace not only in the state but across the border too. The fundamental rules of Islamic foreign policy not only emphasize the faith in the oneness of Allah but also the equality among all human beings and all races and nations. Islam builds international relations on a humanitarian base.

Human Capital and Economic Growth: Evidence from Selected Developing Countries

Despite the crucial role of human capital in the theoretical growth models, the empirical growth literature has yet to develop a consensus on the nature of relationship between human capital and economic growth. This study has been conducted to investigate whether human capital in terms of education and health indicators has a direct impact on output growth or indirect effect through total factor productivity growth. The study also attempts to explore the linear as well as non linear human capital-growth linkages and sensitivity of the human capital estimates to different econometric estimation techniques. The study has been conducted on a sample of selected countries covering all developing regions of the world. Our findings reveal that human capital has a well established role in accelerating growth through both its ‘level effects’ and ‘rate effects’. The results are not sensitive to the definition of the education variable. The impact of human capital components on both output growth and TFP growth are positive regardless of the estimation technique employed. However, the significance of the coefficients of human capital components changes with the estimation technique. The parametric models in general do not give sufficient evidence for non linearity in the human capital-growth relationship. The semi parametric model, on the other hand, points out the existence of the non linear link, yet it does not indicate the exact form of the non linear connection.