ارشاد ڈیروی سرائیکی دا مہاندرا شاعر تے نثر نگار اے ، اوندی شاعری دا کِھلار بٖہوں وسیع اے ، زودنویس شاعر ہن ، کوئی موضوع اینجھا کانئی جیندے اَتے انہاں قلم نہ چاتا ہووے ،فقیر منش انسان اے ، انسان دوست اے ، عجز و انکساری دا کامل نمونہ اے، او شاعری تے شخصیت بارے ڈاکٹر محمد ایوب دی لکھت ، ارشاد ڈیروی فن تے شخصیت ، بٖہوں پرتاں کھولیندی اے۔
اِیں کتاب دا پہلا مضمون ’’ارشاد تے عصری شعور ‘‘ اے ایندے وچ ڈاکٹر ایوب نے اِنہاں دی شاعری وچ عصری شعور لبھنْ دی شاندار کوشش کیتی اے ، ارشاد ڈیروی دی شاعری وچ عصری شعور دے بہترین نمونے ڈٖے کے ڈاکٹر صاحب نے اپنْی گٖالھ کوں قاری دے سامنْے کھول ڈٖتے، انہاں دا آکھن اے۔
ارشاد ڈیروی دا عصری شعور بٖہوں ڈٖونگھا ہے، اوسماج وچ رونما ہوونْ والے واقعات نوں ڈٖونگھی نگاہ نال ویکھدا پرکھدا اے تے شعراں راہیں بیان کردا اے‘‘
ڈٖوجھا مضمون ، ’’ارشاد ڈیروی دی شاعری وچ سراپانگاری ‘‘ اے ایندے وچ ڈاکٹر صاحب محبوب دے سراپے وچ ورتیجنْ والے یکیاں اعضاواں بارے شعر انج کوتے انہاں دی ارشاد ڈیروی دی سراپانگاری تے بھرواں مضمون لکھیے ، اگلا مضمون ، ارشاد ڈیروی تے اسناف سخن‘‘ دے ناں نال اے ، ایندے وچ ارشاد ڈیروی جتناں اصناف سخن کوں اپنْی شاعری وچ ورتیے انھاں دا جائزہ گھدا گٖئے ، انہاں اصناف وچ لغت ، میلاد ، منقبت ، مدح، قطعہ، ڈٖوہڑے تے گیت شامل ہن ڈاکٹر صاحب نے پہلے ہر صنف سخن دا تعارف تے معنی ڈٖیسے ول اوندے وچ ارشاد ڈیروی دی شاعری دا مختصر جائزہ گھدے بیا مضمون ارشاد ڈیروی دی شاعری دے سرنانویں ، اے ایندے وچ ارشاد ڈیروی دی شاعری دا موــضوع اتے قلم چاتے ڈاکٹر محمد ایوب انہاں دی...
Dysfunctional Audit Behavior (DAB) poses a significant threat to the integrity of audit practices and ethical standards. This research delves into the intricate web of ethical violations within DAB, examining the deviations from established ethical principles in the field of auditing. The study employs a comprehensive qualitative research methodology, incorporating interviews, case analyses, and ethical frameworks to unravel the underlying factors contributing to these violations. The research uncovers the multifaceted nature of ethical breaches within DAB, focusing on issues related to impartiality, integrity, objectivity, professionalism, and confidentiality. Through in-depth analyses of real-world cases and interviews with auditors, clients, and regulatory bodies, this study aims to identify patterns and motivations driving auditors towards unethical practices. Moreover, the research explores the impact of these violations on the credibility of audit reports and the overall trust in the auditing profession. The findings of this research not only shed light on the root causes of ethical misconduct but also offer valuable insights for regulatory bodies, audit firms, and educators. By understanding the complexities of DAB, stakeholders can develop targeted strategies to prevent and mitigate these violations effectively. Strengthening ethical education, enhancing regulatory oversight, and fostering a culture of integrity within audit organizations emerge as key recommendations from this study.
The concept of democracy is a set of contestable yet elastic notions about human interaction in a diverse and ever changing socio-political set up. Like many other socio-political concepts democracy has also been used ambiguously by political as well as non-political elements to serve their own vested interest. However, there is a general agreement that the democratic practices of deliberation and participation by the people can be strengthened through education. In this study, I focus on the school as an institution that has been used as an instrument to promote certain ideologies and forms of regimes ranging from democratic ideals and participatory norms to orthodox military and religious ethos. The basic purpose of this study is a critical examination of teachers' conceptualisation of democracy and its enactment in secondary schools in the context of Pakistan. In other words the study attempts to unpack and explain the teachers' theoretical and practical positioning' about democracy and how such positioning is mediated by curriculum directions and pedagogical trends in government and private sector schools. The study involved a multi-method design of data collection and analysis, starting with a survey method and then to deepening understanding by using critical ethnographic methods. For the purpose of the survey a questionnaire was developed using a 5-point-Likert scale ranging from 'strongly disagree' through 'neutral' to 'strongly-agree' along with five open-ended questions. The survey study spread over a period of two months covering 80 secondary schools from government and private sector in the city of Karachi, Pakistan. The overall response rate was 80% as 320 teachers out of targeted 400 completed the questionnaire. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to extract 'factors', which were interpreted by computing factor loadings, mean score, and standard deviation values. In addition, responses to the open ended questions were analysed using frequency distribution and percentage scores to identify major trends. During the second phase of the study, critical ethnographic methods of semi-structured interviewing, observations, and document analysis were applied to generate data with the participation of four teachers from selected government and private sector schools. The study was completed in three stages; first compiling the primary records for preliminary reconstructive analysis and second a dialogical data generation and reconstruction of theories. At a third stage, results obtained from the survey and the ethnographic interviews and observation were synthesised to elicit findings and conclusions. The study demonstrates that the teachers' conceptualisation of democracy