Discrimination against Religious Minorities in Nigeria: An Analysis with Reference to Human Development in the 21st Century

  This study examines religious discrimination against religious minorities like Muslims living in Christian populated areas in the south east, Christians are as well living in Muslim dominated areas. Minority Traditional worshippers in either Muslim or Christian majority areas, private institution, companies owned by Christians or Muslims etc. The discrimination against religious minorities has mitigated the peaceful co-existence among religious identities and other major life events which has culminated national development in all spheres of human engagement such as economic, social, political, security, etc. The researchers have tried to provide an analytical study of the empirical data as well as of the existing literature. The result of our findings shows that many religious identities have been denied of securing job opportunities, professing religion of their choice, finding it difficult to receive health care services, managing religious institutions, denied of equal rights of citizens, get political appointments, among others. The study recommends that people of different religions should embrace and tolerate one another, avoid the use of fanaticism, allow religious minorities to practice religion of their choice in order to dislodge prejudices from the society.

Nuclear Deterrence and Conflict Management Between India and Pakistan

situation. Increased military force differential, economic disparity and the international acceptability of India as a future power in the decades to come are some of the factors that may help India feel emboldened to implement its own agenda of peace in the region. The central argument of this research is that the possibility of another military engagement between India and Pakistan exists, with varying degrees of probability, thus challenging the efficacy of nuclear deterrence. Until the probabilities of military engagements are minimized, the possibilities of peace and stability in the region would remain elusive, meaning by peace in South Asia is possible, only if the probabilities of military engagement between India and Pakistan are minimized. Therefore, the situation needs scholarly attention, perhaps under a new paradigm in which the two nuclear neighbours voluntarily agree to resolve their disputes instead of just managing them, to avoid recurrence of violent conflicts and hence an unthinkable nuclear war.