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Culture-Dependent Recovery of Integron Linked Genes from Extremophilic Microorganisms

Thesis Info

Author

Aamira Iqbal

Department

National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

Program

Mphil

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2004

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

iv,73

Subject

Biotechnology

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Phil BIO/1233

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676714991356

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اہلیہ سید سلیمان ندوی

اہلیہ محترمہ مولانا سید سلیمان ندوی ؒ
کراچی کے ایک مکتوب سے یہ المناک خبر ملی کہ استاذی المعظم حضرت مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ کی اہلیہ محترمہ ۲۳؍ جولائی ۱۹۸۷؁ء کو اپنی اولاد کو آنسوؤں کے سیل رواں میں چھوڑ کر عالم جاودانی کو سدھاریں۔ اِنَّا ﷲ وَاِنَّا اِلیہ راجعون۔
یہ تعزیتی تحریر دارالمصنفین کے احاطہ میں اس گھر میں لکھی جارہی ہے جہاں حضرت استاذی المحترم نے اپنی زندگی کے بہترین بلکہ بہار آفریں اور مشک آگیں دور گزارے ہیں، وہ یہاں کے کتب خانہ میں اپنی میز پر سیرۃ النبیؐ، معارف کے شذرات، علمی، مذہبی اور ادبی مضامین میں اپنے علم و عرفان کے مروارید، نظر و فکر کے زمرد اور ادب و انشا کے درشا ہوار بکھیر کر داخل ہوتے تو پہلے اپنی سب سے چھوٹی اولاد کو اپنی آغوش شفقت میں لیتے، پھر ان کی اور اولادیں ان کے یمین ویسار میں سما جاتیں، جس کے بعد علمی میز پر ان کو جو تکان ہوتی وہ یکایک دور ہوجاتی، اور ان کے چہرے پر بشاشت، ان کی ہر ادا میں نزہت اور ان کی بزرگی میں روحانیت دکھائی دیتی، وہ اپنے بچوں کے شگفتہ چہروں کو دیکھتے تو ان کی آنکھیں جنت بن جاتیں، ان کی معصوم باتوں کو سنتے تو ان کے کان فردوس گوش بن جاتے، پھر فضا میں پدری مہرومحبت کی کوثر و سلسبیل نظر آتیں، اسی فضا میں ان کی اہلیہ محترمہ نے بھی زندگی گزاری، اس گھر میں وہ تقریباً ۱۰ برس رہیں۔
سید صاحب اپنی گھریلو زندگی میں بہت ہی نفاست پسند تھے، ان کی ہر چیز بہت سلیقہ، صفائی اور ستھرائی سے رہتی، مرحومہ بھی فطری طور پر بہت ہی سلیقہ مند، مہذب، عبادت گزار اور باوقار تھیں، جس سے سید صاحب کو اپنی زندگی میں بڑی مدد ملتی رہتی، دارالمصنفین کی قلیل آمدنی میں دونوں...

خصائصِ نبویﷺ : اردوتفسیری ادب کاتجزیاتی مطالعہ

There is no doubt that the personality of messenger of Allah peace be upon him is irreproachable from all kind of diminutions and barrier of salient bigness and glory. Not only historically biographers have written about the  greatness of Prophet peace be upon him, But the Muhadithin have collected  a large part of the collection of Hadiths on  prophet peace be upon him greatness and  honour. Urdu commentators are not far behind in this field. We have come to the conclusion after observing that while interpreting the Qur'anic verses relating to the greatness and character of the Prophet (peace be upon him) The commentators were very eloquent and described the characteristics of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in a very eloquent and loving manner. In this article, the detailed material written by the commentators on the characteristics of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in Urdu commentary literature will be presented.

The Role of Supervisors in Implementing Educational Policies at School Level

This thesis attempts to identify the role of supervisors in policy implementation at the school level in government education system in Karachi, Pakistan. Policies and decisions are made in the center and supervisors carry them out to schools to implement and ensure enactment. Also, they report and inform the center about the realities in schools. Being one of the developing countries, we assume that policies are made but not implemented. Policy implementation, in short, is cumbersome in the education system because of the continuous changing scene of education. So, this research explores different channels through which the policies and decisions are communicated to supervisors and by supervisors to teachers. Also, it discusses the channels used by supervisors to report back to their superiors. This will tell us about the processes of policy implementation and about the successes and reasons of failure of policy implementation. Within the qualitative research paradigm an exploratory case study approach was used to carry out this study. Semi-structured interview guide, observation and document analysis as tools were used for data collection. The supervisory system is based on inspecting and controlling teachers through supervisors in the public education system in primary schools in Karachi. They visit schools and usually check school buildings, teachers' attendance, students' enrolment, and the teaching and learning process to find out deficiencies in teachers and head teachers, rather to support them in bringing a positive change. Moreover, the findings of the study reveal that some supervisors lack an understanding of policies, do not participate in making policies, nor consider themselves as policy implementers. In the light of findings, it is explored that there are no legal codes or set of regulations about their functions and duties, but they work in the way they have observed their seniors. Therefore, they work as they find suitable for them. The synthesis helps us to analytically view the processes, challenges and hindrances in implementing policies by supervisors. The discussions also describe the ways of communication in the public education system and the ways supervisors report back to higher authorities. Finally, I conclude the discussion by offering some recommendations for improvement in making and implementing policies.