آہ! مولانا عبدالملک جامعی مدنی
(مولانا افتخار فریدی)
یہ خبر انتہائی رنج اور صدمہ کے ساتھ سنی گئی کہ مہاجر مدینہ مولانا عبدالملک جامعی، مدینہ منورہ میں انتقال فرماگئے۔ ان کی ذات گرامی گوناگوں خصوصیات کی حامل تھی۔ وہ جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ کے سابقین اولین میں تھے اور اس کے کئی شعبے ان کی صلاحیتوں سے پروان چڑھے۔ مولانا، مولانا محمد علی جوہرؔ کے فدائی اور خادم اور سابق صدر جمہوریہ ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین کے محبوب شاگردوں میں سے تھے، حق بات کہنے میں کبھی ان کو تامل نہیں ہوتا تھا۔ اپنے استاد ذاکر صاحب سے بھی اس وقت کے امر کی ایک بات کہی تھی جس سے ذاکر صاحب رات بھر روتے رہے۔
مولانا عبدالملک کا بچپن اپنے والد منشی عبدالقیوم صاحب کیساتھ جو مشہور خطاط تھے بجنور میں گزرا جہاں سے مشہور زمانہ اخبار ’’مدینہ‘‘ نکلتا تھا۔ یہاں وہ کئی عبقری صحافیوں اور ہمدرد ان ملت کی خاص شفقتوں کے مورد رہے۔ ۱ وہیں سے مولانا نے تحریک خلافت میں بھی حصہ لیا، مولانا کے والد محترم نے مولانا ابوالکلام آزاد کے ساتھ کلکتہ میں رہ کر ’’ترجمان القرآن‘‘ کی کتابت بہت ہی بے کسی کے عالم میں کی اور اسے مدینہ پریس بجنور میں طبع کرایا۔ دوسرا ایڈیشن لاہور میں طبع کرایا اور دونوں کا منافع مولانا آزاد کو پہنچایا۔
مولانا عبدالملک صاحب، مولانا محمد علی جوہرؒ کے فدائی اور عاشق تھے اور ساری ایمان افروز تربیت انہیں سے حاصل کی تھی۔ فرمایا کرتے تھے مولانا محمد علی بیسویں صدی کے مرد مومن ہیں۔ ان کا تعلق مولانا کے خاندان کے ہرہر فرد سے تھا۔ کراچی میں بھی ان کے نواسوں سے بڑی محبت کیا کرتے تھے۔
مولانا مرحوم نے تقریباً ۵۰ سال مدینہ منورہ میں قیام فرمایا اور حفظ قرآن کا نظام چلاتے رہے۔ مولانا کی زندگی بہت ہی بے کسی اور...
There is no doubt that the economic system of Islam is stable and compassionate which is based on "Human Amity." This system and its features are utterly beneficial for humanity irrespective of their caste, creed, reigion and religion etc. The specialities of social justice that are applied in the economic field provide such comprehensive and versatile version which makes the utility of the economic system even more pertinent. The humanity can adopt this system to ensure their well-being and welfare. More importantly, as this system is based on economic justice rather equality, which means, it’s the natural system that depends on human capacities, efforts, innate necessities and abilities. The more a man strives, the more benefit he gets. However, it also sets out the principle of financing those who try hard but stay behind in the economic race. In addition, the fundamental philosophy of this system is to protect the economic rights of the society and provides resources to everyone for equitable economic struggle, with no discrimination. The economic systems around the world suffer from inflation and precariousness, while Social Justice proves to be a remedy to the said scenarios.
Strawberry is highly nutritious and economically important small fruit crop. In Pakistan strawberry yield and area is very less. Poor and irregular pre harvest practices cause decrease in marketable yield and shelf life. This research was executed to observe the pre and postharvest effects of salts and growth regulators on marketable yield and qualitative characteristics of strawberry. Pre harvest foliar practices consisted of CaCl2 (0, 3, 5, 7 mM), ZnSO4 (0, 50, 100, 150 mg L-1), GA3 (0, 50, 100, 150 mg L-1) and SA (0, 3, 6, 9 mM) those were sprayed on strawberry plants at different growth stages (three to four leaves stage and during fruit setting) to enhance the growth, marketable yield and quality attributes of strawberry. Among the CaCl2 treatments 7 mM was found best for enhancing leaf growth (15.25 plant-1), leaf area (37.0 cm2), crown growth (6.50 plant-1) and runners (7.0 plant-1) during growing season. Maximum marketable yield (348.50 g plant-1), fruit firmness (0.96 kg. cm-2), vitamin C contents (55.69 mg 100 g-1) and TPC (186.50 GAE mg 100 g-1) were also observed with 7 mM CaCl2 treatment. Foliar spray of 100 mg L-1 ZnSO4 was found best for enhancing leaf growth (18.25 plant-1), leaf area (52.0 cm2), crowns (7.0 plant-1) and marketable yield (369.0 g plant-1) with lower unmarketable fruit. Foliar application of 9 mM SA was observed better for increasing the leaf production (19.25 plant-1), leaf area (51.0 cm2), crowns (7.50 plant-1) and runners (6.75 plant-1). Minimum numbers of days (20.0) were required for flower anthesis when plants were sprayed with 9 mM SA foliar spray. Maximum marketable yield (414.25 g plant-1), vitamin C contents (56.72 mg 100 g-1), phenolic contents (191.50 GAE mg 100 g-1) and higher antioxidant activities (71.25% DPPH) were also noted from strawberry fruits where plants were treated with 9 mM SA foliar spray. Gibberellic acid (150 mg L-1) showed the superiority for enhancing the vegetative growth while marketable yield and fruit quality was not improved with same concentration of GA3. Maximum marketable yield (381.50 g plant-1), fruit TSS contents (7.85 ºBrix), vitamin C contents (52.23 mg 100 g-1) and higher antioxidant activities (64.75% DPPH) were observed from 100 mg L-1 GA3. Confirmatory trial was conducted for comparing the previous year best treatments from each experiment. By comparing, it was concluded that 9 mM SA foliar spray increased the marketable yield; improved quality attributes and extended the survival mechanism of strawberry plants during growing season. In postharvest study, maximum vitamin C contents (43.90 mg 100 g-1), TPC (132.75 mg 100 g-1), reduction in weight loss (6.08%) of strawberries and maximum firmness (0.42 kg. cm-2) was retained with higher concentration of CaCl2 (6 mM). During storage minimum TSS (7.85 ºBrix), maximum acid contents (0.62%) and total antioxidants (39.0% DPPH) were observed with SA (5 mM) application. In postharvest study it was confirmed that dipping application of CaCl2 (6 mM) and SA (5 mM) retained the quality attributes during 15 days of storage.