کانفرس یا جمگٹھا
طنطا یونیورسٹی کی یہ کانفرس بھی ایک جمگھٹا ہی تھی ۔موضوع جس قدر شاندار اور موقع و محل کے مطابق تھا منتظمین اور مندو بین اس قدر اناڑی اور بے محل و بیزار ۔ہر مقرر کو دہشت گردی کے اسباب و عوامل ،اس سے گزرنے والی اقوام کی تکالیف اور اس عفریت سے بچائو کے تدابیر کو بیان کر نے کے لیے صرف پانچ منٹ دیے گئے تھے۔دو منٹ تو جامعہ طنطا کے ارباب و اختیار و اقتدار کی قصیدہ گوئی میں گزر جاتے کہ اتنے اہم موضوع پر سیمینار رکھا ،کچھ وقت تالیوں اور باقی میں دہشت گردی پر بات ہوتی ۔
کانفرس ہال میں مسافر کے قریب دکتورہ ایمان تشریف فرما تھی ،ایمان صاحبہ کے مقالے کا موضوع اردو افسانے پر دہشت گردی کے اثرات تھا ۔مجھے عربی نما لہجے میں کہنے لگیں کہ بہت خوف زدہ ہوں زندگی میں پہلی دفعہ کسی کانفرس میں مقالہ پڑھ رہی ہوں میرے لیے دعا کریں۔میں نے کہا’’درود شریف پڑھیں خوف ختم ہو جائے گا ‘‘تھوڑی دیر بعد مجھ سے کہنے لگیں ’’زبردست نسخہ بتایا آپ نے ،میں تو بہت بہادر ہو گئی ہوں۔‘‘ دکتورہ مونا،دکتورہ بسنت،دکتور محمد علی کے مقالوںکے موضوعات پاکستانی سماج اور ادب پر دہشت گردی کے اثرات کااحاطہ کر رہے تھے ۔ان کے مقالوںمیں اگر کسی کو انہماک سے سنا تو وہ شاید وہ میں ہی تھا باقی لوگوںکو پاکستانی مسائل اور پاکستان میں دہشت گردی سے کوئی سرو کار نہ تھا ۔ افغانستان ،روہنگیاکے بارے میں اس کانفرس کے منتظمین اور مقررین نے کوئی لب کشائی نہیں کی ۔یہاں تک کہ مسئلہ کشمیر اور ہندوستان میں ہندوتوا کے شکار کروڑوں مسلمانوں کی حالت زار پر بھی یہ عربی منتظمین عجمی (گونگے)بنے تھے اور جو تھوڑا بہت میرے اکسانے پر بولتے بھی تو ہندوستانی حکومت...
Congenital anomalies are a major health problem all over the world; especially it is important cause of deaths and birth defects, chronic illness and disability in infants. The major cause of this is consanguineous marriages. Generation of cousin marriages have significant association with congenital anomalies Objective: To find out the association of consanguineous marriages with congenital anomaliespresent at the time of birthMethods: A cross sectional study was conducted at District Head Quarter Hospital, Okarafrom May to August, 2018. 100 adult individuals aged between 19 to 55 years, with and without cousin marriage of both genders were consecutively enrolled. Participants were assessed through pre-tested questionnaire, with prior written informed consent. Unwilling married individuals and individuals from other hospitals were not selected Results: According to resultsthere was a significant association between generation of cousin marriages with congenital anomalies present at the time of birth, as p value was 0.002Conclusions: Study concluded that the generation of cousin marriages has significant association with congenital anomalies present at the time of birth and due to cousin marriage 59% of the couples had congenital abnormalities in their children and 85% had genetic disorders.
Population dynamics of P. xylostella was studied on cauliflowers in Haripur, Peshawar and Swat districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, having different altitudes and climatic conditions, during the two seasons from June to November in 2012 and 2013. The highest population of larvae and pupae per cauliflower plant was recorded in the month of September in all areas whereas the lowest was measured during July in both years. The population dynamics was correlated with the weather parameters and it was found that there was statistically non-significant (P>0.05) associations with temperatures (maximum and minimum) whereas the interaction with the relative humidity (RH) was non-significant in Haripur (2012 & 2013) and Swat (2013) and significant in Peshawar (2012 & 2013) and Swat (2012). Rainfall (RF) had a negative and highly significant (P<0.01) association with the population of P. xylostella. Multiple Regressions displayed 87.56 to 98.06% variability in population dynamics of P. xylostella in the studied areas due to weather parameters. To determine genetic variability among the populations of P. xylostella, 3rd and 4th instar larvae were collected from Haripur, Peshawar and Swat having distinct geographic conditions and altitudes and were investigated by using RAPD (DNA) primers technique. Seventeen primers were used that produced 64 bands at different loci within a range of between 250 to 1500 bp. The bands produced were all monomorphic and no polymorphisms were detected in the three populations. For the management of P. xylostella Lufenuron (5% EC-200ml/Acre), Steward (15.84% EC-175ml/Acre), Emamectine Benzoate (1.9% EC-200ml/Acre) and Arrivo (10% EC-250ml/Acre) pesticides were used in cauliflower. Lufenuron was found significantly more effective in terms of pest suppression, highest biological efficacy (B.E) and yield as well found safe for the parasitoids as compared to all other insecticides whereas Arrivo insecticide was found at par with the control. Similarly garlic, tomato, chilli and coriander were intercropped with cauliflower for two seasons to manage the infestation of P. xylostella. Garlic reduced the population significantly (P<0.01) as compared to other intercrops and likewise, the highest average yield, maximum percent gain over the control and avoidable losses per plot was obtained in cauliflower + garlic plots whereas the lowest yield (30.16 Kg/40 plants), minimum percent gain (7.56%) and percent avoidable losses (7.03%) was attained from the cauliflower plots intercropped with the coriander. Synchronized study was conducted of the best insecticide (Lufenuron) and intercrop (garlic) obtained from the previous experiments against P. xylostella in cauliflower. Lufenuron + garlic interaction showed significant results with highest biological efficacy (85.08 %), highest gain (90.68%) over control and percent avoidable losses (47.56%) and to suppress the infestation of P. xylostella as compared to their independent encounters. The combination of Lufenuron + garlic is recommended for farmer’s practices in cauliflower for the management of P. xylostella.