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Wave Propagation in an Anisotropic Medium

Thesis Info

Author

Abida Mansoora

Department

Deptt. of Mathematics, QAU.

Program

Mphil

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

1997

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

75

Subject

Mathematics

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Phil MAT/288

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676715097822

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 کانت بروین شاکر من عائلۃ دینیۃ ومن عائلۃ تتمسک بأصولھا وقوانینھا، وکانت من الشیعۃ، وعند ما علم والدھا بأنھا ترید الزواج من شخص یدین علی سنۃ النبي ﷺ فقد أحزنه ھذا الشيء، ورفض والدھا ذاك الشاب، فحاولت الشاعرۃ إرضاء والدھا ولکنھا لم تنجح في ذلك فأحزن الشاعرۃ ھذا الرفض وقد کسر قلبھا وأحست بالھزیمۃ، ولکن الوالد أصر علی أن تتزوج من الشخص الذي سیختارہُ الوالد وأصيبتِ الشاعرۃ بالمرض بسبب ھذا۔

 

 ثم تقدّم لھا الشاب ابن خالتھا الدکتور نصیر للزواج فوافق والدھا وجعلھا توافق ھي علی الزواج، فتم خطبتھا في 1975م وفي 14 اکتوبر 1976م تمّ الزواج والدکتور نصیر ھو ابن السید صغیر علي وکان یعمل في نظام القطار (والدھا کان یعمل في نظام القطار)، وکان مھرھا 14 ألف روبیہ، فحضر زواجھا من کبار الشعراء والشاعرات۔

استمرت الشاعرۃ في التدریس حتی بعد الزواج، وکانت لا تجید أعمال المنزل والطبیخ، فکانت تشاور شقیقتھا نسرین في کثیر من الأمور المنزلیۃ والطھي. وبعد الزواج لم تُغیر الشاعرۃ إسمھا (بروین شاکر) لأنھا کانت معروفۃ بھذا الإسم في الساحۃ الأدبیۃ والعلمیۃ واشتھرت دواوینھا أیضاً باسمھا (بروین شاکر)۔

 

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Secondary School Teachers Attitude Toward Teaching English as a Second Language: A Comparative Study

The study explores the comparative analysis of secondary school teachers’ attitude toward teaching English as a second language. The major objective of the study was; to find out secondary school teachers’ attitude toward teaching English related to different demographics. The researcher used quantitative research method that was descriptive in nature. The population of the study comprised all the male and female teachers at Secondary level in province of Punjab, Pak istan. The researchers selected the secon dary school teachers in districts: Lahore, Multan, Sialk ot and Vehari as the sample of the study. Questionnaire was used as a research tool for the study. The researchers distributed the questionnaire among the respondents of the study and collected data. For data analysis, researcher used the statistical techniques of mean score, t-test and ANOVA. The findings of the study informed that difference in mean scores of male and female teachers was not significant, t-value = -.075, p=.634>0.05. It was found that there was a significant difference in teachers’ attitude towards teaching English as second language having professional qualification of B.Ed. and M.Ed. at secondary school level, t-value = .521, p=.047<0.05. It was concluded that male and female respondents have almost same type of attitude of teaching English as second language.

Investigating the Effects of Text Simplification to Speed Up Justice in Pakistan

This study focuses on the simplification of the Pakistani legal text in both academic and occupational contexts to make the justice speedy. The comparative analysis of effectiveness of original and simplified versions of the legal texts in Pakistan is systematically analyzed and followed with recommendations. The purpose of this study is to suggest Plain English Language Movement in academic and legal professional settings to make the justice speedy. The aim of this study is to measure the linguistic adequacy of stake holders concerning the comprehension level and required time of comprehending statutes and extracts from judicial judgments in original and simplified versions so that the problems regarding the complexity of legal language and consequently recommendations be given to improve comprehension and to save time. I designed an exploratory study focusing on an experiment by describing the perceptions of law professionals and making comparisons in complex and simplified law language. It is a comparative study in nature, and at the same time it is experimental based on particular methodology and philosophy. In this regard, mixed method approach is taken into account to communicate the data. Purposive sampling was used to gather the data by employing survey questionnaires and tests (1 & 2). To measure the comprehension level and time spent, tests (1 & 2) were conducted among the law students, while two sets of questionnaires were distributed among two population groups; law teachers and lawyers. The data regarding tests and closed ended items of the questionnaires were quantitatively analyzed by using SPSS 15.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), while open ended items of the questionnaires were qualitatively analyzed through identifying common themes and reviewing responses. The findings exhibited clearly the effectiveness of the simplified versions and complexity of original versions of the legal texts. This is evident that original legal texts due to its complex nature make a receding effect on the readers’ comprehension. The findings also make clear that the simplified versions of the legal texts can prove beneficial in academic and professional legal settings as it is widely supported and approved by the members of the legal discourse community. Considering the findings of this study, Plain English Movement in Pakistani academic and professional legal settings has been recommended. The findings also highlight the potential areas for further research in the field of language and law with reference to speedy justice.