Penilaian Kualitas dan Risiko Pembiayaan Bank Syari'ah

The quality of productive assets plays a significant role in the success of Islamic banking, not just a mere function. Islamic banks consistently measure their performance by referring to the standard of productive asset quality as a benchmark. The prosperity of an Islamic bank's business substantially depends on its ability to manage investments by adhering to two main principles: the prudence principle and the Sharia principle. The aim of this research is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the quality and risks in Islamic bank financing. To face the complexity and dynamics of the Islamic banking world, a qualitative approach was used. The research method is based on the post-positivism philosophical foundation, which views social reality as a whole, dynamic, complex, meaningful, and colored by interactive relationships.

Crisis and Emerging Regional Order in the Middle East

The strategic importance of Syria in the Middle East is mainly due to its location. Syria has been a kind of resistance front of the Arabs against Israel and the significance of the Syrian question needs to be discovered in Syria's indispensible role in the regional geostrategic pattern. When Arab Spring brought political changes in Tunisia, Libya and Egypt, Syria was never thought to be immune to the tinge of those changes. The mass demonstrations in Syria, driven by the desire of change, in late 2010, turned to violent protests, leaving destruction, disorder and chaos behind them. The crisis in Syria is still continuing ferociously with abysmal repercussions for the Middle East. Today, Syrian crisis has different dimensions which are ranging from involvement of different regional and trans-regional states to various armed, religio-political and jihadists groups, turning the crisis to a serious regional conflagration. The Assad regime is struggling for its survival against the rebels, who are struggling for regime change in Syria. The involvement of the pro and anti-regime regional states and pro and anti-regime trans-regional states is the significant point, driving the crisis on grave sectarian, ethnic and social lines. In fact, it would be safer to say that Syrian crisis has created deep political divisions not in only amongst the world community but also on regional political horizons. Syrian crisis has created far reaching social, political, strategic and economic implications in Syria and the entire Middle East. The crisis is not only claiming priceless lives of people, crippling many for life, rendering numerous homeless but also altering the traditional security dynamics, strategic calculations and above all regional order of the Middle East. To sum up, Syrian crisis has become one of the gravest flash points in the Middle East, turning the social and political fabric of the society there. It has given birth to a regional order in Middle East where Iran is emerging as the most powerful regional reality, shaping the future political contours of the region on its own version of interests.