7۔ با اثر طبقات کا اسلامی قوانین کی تنفیذ میں رکاوٹ بننا
حدود و قصاص قوانین کے نفاذکے راستہ میں ایک بڑی رکاوٹ ہمارے ملک کے بااثر طبقات ہیں جو اپنے طبقاتی مفادات کا ہر صورت میں تحفظ چاہتے ہیں۔ پاکستان کے ایک سابق وزیر خزانہ نے (1985ء کے لگ بھگ ) کہا تھا کہ پاکستان میں اسی ارب روپے کا ٹیکس حاصل ہونا چاہیے لیکن صرف بیس ارب روپے سرکاری خزانے میں جاتے ہیں۔ چالیس ارب روپے افسران کی جیب میں چلے جاتے ہیں اور بیس ارب روپے کا ٹیکس چوری ہوتا ہے۔ اگر چالیس ارب روپے افسران کی جیب میں جانے کا اندازہ صحیح ہے، تو جہاں پچاس فیصد سے زیادہ ٹیکس کی رقم ٹیکس جمع کرنے والوں کی جیب میں جاتی ہو، تو کیا وہ لوگ ٹیکس کا نیا نظام آنے دیں گے؟ ہر گز نہیں ۔ وہ اس میں رکاوٹ پیدا کریں گے ۔ جب زکوۃ کا نظام لایا گیا تو اس وقت اسلامی نظریاتی کونسل نے یہ کہا تھا کہ زکوۃ کے نظام کو کامیاب بنانے کے لیے ٹیکسوں کے نظام میں بڑی اور انقلابی تبدیلیاں لانے کی ضرورت ہے، ورنہ زکوۃ کا نظام کا میاب نہیں ہوگا ۔ اس وقت حکومت نے وعدہ کیا تھا کہ جلد ہی ٹیکسوں کے پورے نظام پر نظر ثانی کی جائے گی ۔ لیکن وہ تبدیلیاں نہیں ہوئیں اور ٹیکسوں کا نظام اسی طرح رائج ہے 503۔ اس کی بنیادی وجہ یہ ہے کہ ایک بہت بڑے طبقے کا مفاد اس نظام سے وابستہ ہے ۔ وہ طبقہ اس میں کوئی تبدیلی اور اصلاح نہیں ہونے دے گا ۔ بینکنگ اور ٹیکسوں کے نظام میں درجنوں بار اصلاحات تجویز ہوئیں لیکن وہ نافذ نہیں ہو سکیں، کیونکہ اس سے کئی با اثر طبقات کے مفادات پر زد پڑتی تھی۔
All mighty Allah (SWT) has created man and made him crown of the nature. For the physical needs of human being, Allah provided him all the needful things. In the same way, Allah (SWT) sent his prophets for the spiritual guidance of mankind. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was the last messenger of this chain of the prophets. The Prophet hood of Muhammad (SAW) was for the whole of the mankind, for all the people till the day of judgment. Because Allah (SWT) called him the “Seal of the prophets”. And it the gift of Allah to whom he wants to give, he gives. Nobody can achieve this (prophet hood) by its struggle. All the prophets of Allah (SWT) were given instructions through revelation. Some people, who were unable to accept Islam, would make jokes of the teachings of the Prophet (SAW), but he continued his mission and the world witnessed a day when Islam spread all over the world. Some non-Muslims, specially the orientalists, tried to pin point some aspects of the life of the Holy Prophets (in their thinking) but as Allah (SWT) said: And we raised high your name. (Al-Quran: 94: 4) Lesley Hazelton is one of those orientalists. She wrote many books about Islam. Her famous book is “The First Muslim-The Story of Muhammad” in which she has targeted many aspects of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW). This article discusses her views about the Prophet hood, Revelation and the Miracles of the Holy Prophet (SAW). It is out of the human mind to understand the reality of the Prophet hood and revelation. It is the gift of Allah to whom he wants, He gives prophet hood. The family, fame, wealth and physical strength cannot be the reasons for the achievement of Prophet hood. The human mind cannot grab the reality of the revelation.
Rationalization and Fallacies in Benazir Bhutto's and Pervez Musharraf's Political Autobiographies Political discourse rests heavily on persuasive aspects of language. Political writers use a well-stocked battery of persuasive devices to rationalize their actions or to sway people into a supportive world. Readers and listeners are not normally very analytical or rational in their approaches and responses. Empty rhetoric, falsehood wrapped in piety, plausible deceit, thunderous assertions, misdirected arguments, false conclusions – as long as they succeed in moving people – they will be employed. This may be described as the “dishonest” use of language. However, if the pursuit of power is considered to be legitimate, then all means employed in the realization of that pursuit are legitimized. The present study is not judgmental about these matters. It merely seeks to identify some of the linguistic devices used in the process i.e. the rationalization of the political role besides pointing out some errors in arguments. Pakistani political scenario is permeated with a dichotomy of power between civilian rulers and military dictators. Each claims his/her positive efforts in the welfare and progress of the country, whereas the consequences tell a different story. The social, geographical, political and economic conditions have deteriorated through the sixty-five years’ history of Pakistan. Politicians hold military Generals responsible for these and the latter have the same opinion about politicians. Language is an obvious tool for them to rationalize their roles while in or out of office. Ms Benazir Bhutto’s and General Pervez Musharraf’s political autobiographies entitled “Daughter of the East” and “In the Line of Fire”, respectively, have been selected for this analysis. The analysis has been done under the paradigm of critical discourse analysis to unearth hidden motives and ideologies underneath discourses. The selected models – for the purpose of looking into the linguistic techniques employed by the authors for the rationalization of their rule and logical errors committed in the process – proved useful in validating the purpose for which these are formed. Applying these tools, the researcher was able to uncover a number of rationalizations and fallacies in the autobiographies noted above. The genre of autobiography has also been found useful to examine personal motives of the authors.