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Role of Pharmacological Intervention in the Detection of Hibernating Myocardium

Thesis Info

Author

Amir Javaid

Department

Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Nilore

Program

MSc

Institute

Quaid-i-Azam University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2000

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

ix, 63

Subject

Engineering & Applied Sciences

Language

English

Other

Call No: DISS/M.Sc PIEAS/78

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676715310458

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واجدہ تبسم: ایک بے باک افسانہ نگار

واجدہ تبسم:ایک بے باک افسانہ نگار
محمدشاہدحفیظ۔میلسی
واجدہ تبسّم۱۶مارچ۱۹۳۵ء کوامراوتی (مہاراشٹر)میں پیداہوئیں۔والدہ کاتعلق نواب خاندان سے تھا جواپنے جہیز میں ڈھیروںسونے کے علاوہ پانچ گاؤں بھی جہیز میں لائی تھیں۔جب کہ والدپیشے کے لحاظ سے وکیل تھے ،لاکھوں روپیہ کمایااورگنوایا ، یہی وجہ ہے کہ واجدہ جب ایک سال کی تھیں توان کی والدہ کی وفات اورتین سال کی عمر میں باپ کی وفات کے بعداوران کے آٹھ بہن بھائیوں کی کفالت کا ذمہ ان کی نانی نے اپنے سرلیا۔وہ سی پی کے ایک خاندان سے تعلق رکھتی تھیں۔ تقسیم کے بعدسی پی کے کئی خاندان حیدرآباددکن میں آکرآباد ہوگئے تھے۔ واجدہ کاخاندان بھی اسی میںشامل ہے جو صاحب ِ علم بھی تھااوردولت مندبھی،مگرحیدرآبادآنے کے بعد اس خاندان کی مالی حالت بہت خراب ہوگئی پھربھی ہمت اور استقلال سے اس خاندان کے لوگوں نے اپنی تعلیم کوجاری رکھا۔واجدہ تبسم نے اپنی ابتدائی تعلیم امراؤتی ہی میں حاصل کی۔ (۱)
۱۹۴۷ء میں حیدرآباددکن آئیں تویہاں حصولِ تعلیم کااِرادہ کیاتاہم گھریلو حالات کی تنگی کے باعث کلاس اوربس کی فیس ادا نہ کرنے کی وجہ سے انہیں پہلے کلاس اورپھر اسکول سے نکال دیاگیا۔واجدہ تبسّم نے نامساعدحالات میں واجدہ تبسّم نے گھر پر تعلیم جاری رکھنے کافیصلہ کیا۔ میٹرک ،ایف اے ،بی اے پرائیویٹ کیااورجامعہ عثمانیہ سے ایم اے کی ڈگری (پرائیویٹ ) حاصل کی ۔(۲)
والدنے واجدہ کانام ’’واجدہ بیگم‘‘رکھامگرانھوں نے اپناقلمی نام‘‘واجدہ تبسم’’اختیار۔یہ قلمی نام انھوں نے کیوں رکھااس بارے میں وہ خود لکھتی ہیں:
‘‘صاف سیدھی بات ہے زندگی نے مجھے غم ہی غم دیے،میں اپنی زندگی میں مسکراہٹیں بھرلیناچاہتی تھی،اوریہی کیابھی،اس طرح خودمیرے خاندان میں بھی پہلے پہل بہت کم لوگوں کوپتاچلاکہ میرا ہی نام‘‘واجدہ تبسم’’ہے۔"(۳)
واجدہ تبسّم نے لکھنے لکھانے کواپنامشغلہ بنایااورافسانہ نگاری میں اپنانام پیداکیا۔ان کے کئی افسانوی مجموعے شائع ہو چکے ہیں۔پہلی کہانی جریدہ "آئینہ"میں ستمبر۱۹۵۵ء میں‘‘میری یادداشت سے’’کے عنوان سے شائع...

ORGANIZATIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN INDONESIA ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN INDONESIA

Organizational culture is defined as the underlying beliefs, assumption, values and ways of interacting that contribute to the unique social and psychological environment of an organization. There are two types of culture, i.e. Material culture and non-material culture, which had been organized and maintained according to the needs of human being. Source of the culture is originated from the product of human being’s thought. Human being itself is a unique individual whose behaviour influenced by many variations and shapes of culture in society. As for the object of organizational culture in educational institution, it included quality, achievement, and professionalism which can be  developed by educational institution.

Effect of Zinc Fertilization in Integration With Organic and Mineral Nitrogen Sources on Maize Production under Rainfed Conditions

In Pakistan, per hectare crop yields of rain-fed areas are relatively lower than obtained from irrigated areas. It is mainly due to less water availability and poor soil fertility. Lower soil organic matter limits micronutrients replenishment to soil solution. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the zinc (Zn) requirement of maize, as well as to find out the interactive effect of organic and mineral fertilizer sources of nitrogen (N) on maize growth, yield and nutrient uptake. Experiments were conducted at National Agricultural Research Centre, (NARC) Islamabad, having latitude 33o 43 ́ N, longitude 73o 04 ́ E, and altitude 490 m. Soil of the study area is coarse loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Udic Ustochrept and belongs to Nabipur soil series. It is alkaline, calcareous, low in organic matter content, and deficient in N, P, K and Zn contents. Initially, an incubation study was conducted to investigate the pattern of Zn retention, release and equilibrium of added Zn fertilizer in soil,. Four levels of zinc viz. 0, 2, 4 and 8 mg kg -1 were applied to soil weighing 300 g, and incubated by maintaining field capacity moisture at 30±1 °C for 15 days. Soil samples were drawn after 1, 5, 10 and 15 days for the determination of extractable Zn concentrations. Zinc availability / release were enhanced with increasing Zn rate, rendering the highest Zn concentration of 7.8 mg kg -1 in soil extract with 8 mg kg -1 Zn application. In the beginning, release rate was rapid and decreased gradually up to 15 days. 1 2 In the field experiment, main plots had four combinations of N sources viz. control; 100 % recommended dose of N from chemical fertilizer (CF); 75 % N from CF + 25 % N from farm yard manure (FYM), and 50 % N from CF + 50 % N from FYM. In the sub-plots, there were three levels of zinc fertilizer viz. 0, 4, 8 kg Zn ha -1 . This experiment with the same treatments was conducted in both spring and summer seasons of 2008 on maize. Crop growth, yield parameters, photosynthesis rate, activity of nitrate reductase and superoxide dismutase enzymes, and nutrients uptake were measured. After the crop harvest, status of organic matter, N, P and Zn in soil was determined. Data on crop and soil parameters were subjected to statistical analysis of variance, and treatment means were compared by lsd test at P ≤ 0.05 to obtain statistical difference among them. Maize grain yield was at the highest with 75 + 25 % (CF + FYM) with 4 kg Zn ha -1 , although it was statistically at par with that from 50 % + 50 % (CF + FYM) with 4 kg Zn ha -1 and 75 % + 25 % with 8 kg Zn ha –1 . Zinc application showed a significant increase of grain and straw yield. Zinc uptake increased with the application of Zn fertilizer. Enzyme activities were enhanced with the application of Zn and FYM. The Study revealed that substitution of 25 or 50 % N with organic manure + 4 kg Zn ha -1 perform better than 100 % N fertilizer alone, with respect to improvement of crop growth, yield and soil fertility, and activities of superoxide dismutase and nitrate reductase. It reflects that integrated plant nutrient management ensures balanced supply of nutrients to the crop and improves stress tolerance as well